Espacio de trabajo
pnpm tiene soporte incorporado para monorepos (también conocidos como repositorios de paquetes múltiples, repositorios de proyectos múltiples o repositorios monolíticos). Puede crear un espacio de trabajo para unir varios proyectos dentro de un único repositorio.
A workspace must have a pnpm-workspace.yaml file in its
root.
If you are looking into monorepo management, you might also want to look into Bit.
Bit usa pnpm en su interior, pero automatiza muchas de las cosas que actualmente se hacen manualmente en un espacio de trabajo tradicional administrado por pnpm/npm/Yarn. There's an article about bit install that talks about it: Painless Monorepo Dependency Management with Bit.
Protocolo de espacio de trabajo (workspace:)
If linkWorkspacePackages is set to true, pnpm will link packages from the workspace if the available packages
match the declared ranges. For instance, foo@1.0.0 is linked into bar if
bar has "foo": "^1.0.0" in its dependencies and foo@1.0.0 is in the workspace. However, if bar has
"foo": "2.0.0" in dependencies and foo@2.0.0 is not in the workspace,
foo@2.0.0 will be installed from the registry. Este comportamiento presenta algo de incertidumbre.
Luckily, pnpm supports the workspace: protocol. Cuando se usa este protocolo, pnpm se negará a resolver cualquier cosa que no sea un paquete de espacio de trabajo local. So, if you set "foo": "workspace:2.0.0", this time
installation will fail because "foo@2.0.0" isn't present in the workspace.
This protocol is especially useful when the linkWorkspacePackages option is
set to false. In that case, pnpm will only link packages from the workspace if
the workspace: protocol is used.
Referenciando paquetes de espacio de trabajo a través de alias
Let's say you have a package in the workspace named foo. Usually, you would
reference it as "foo": "workspace:*".
If you want to use a different alias, the following syntax will work too:
"bar": "workspace:foo@*".
Antes de publicar, los alias se convierten en dependencias con alias regulares. The above
example will become: "bar": "npm:foo@1.0.0".
Referenciando paquetes de espacio de trabajo a través de su ruta relativa
En un espacio de trabajo con 2 paquetes:
+ packages
+ foo
+ bar
bar may have foo in its dependencies declared as
"foo": "workspace:../foo". Antes de publicar, estas especificaciones se convierten a las especificaciones de versión regular soportadas por todos los gestores de paquetes.
Publicando paquetes del espacio de trabajo
When a workspace package is packed into an archive (whether it's through
pnpm pack or one of the publish commands like pnpm publish), we dynamically
replace any workspace: dependency by:
- The corresponding version in the target workspace (if you use
workspace:*,workspace:~, orworkspace:^) - El rango de versión semántica asociado (para cualquier otro tipo de rango)
So for example, if we have foo, bar, qar, zoo in the workspace and they all are at version 1.5.0, the following:
{
"dependencies": {
"foo": "workspace:*",
"bar": "workspace:~",
"qar": "workspace:^",
"zoo": "workspace:^1.5.0"
}
}
Será transformado en:
{
"dependencies": {
"foo": "1.5.0",
"bar": "~1.5.0",
"qar": "^1.5.0",
"zoo": "^1.5.0"
}
}
Esta característica le permite depender de sus paquetes espacios de trabajo locales mientras aún puede publicar los paquetes resultantes en el registro remoto sin necesidad de pasos intermedios de publicación. Sus consumidores podrán utilizar sus espacios de trabajo publicados como cualquier otro paquete, beneficiándose de las garantías que ofrece el versionado semántico.
Flujo de trabajo de lanzamiento
Versionar paquetes dentro de un espacio de trabajo es una tarea compleja y pnpm actualmente no proporciona una solución integrada para ello. Sin embargo, existen 2 herramientas bien probadas que manejan el control de versiones y admiten pnpm:
For how to set up a repository using Rush, read this page.
For using Changesets with pnpm, read this guide.
Resolución de problemas
pnpm no puede garantizar que los scripts se ejecuten en orden topológico si existen ciclos entre las dependencias del espacio de trabajo. Si pnpm detecta dependencias cíclicas durante la instalación, generará una advertencia. Si pnpm puede averiguar qué dependencias están causando los ciclos, también las mostrará.
If you see the message There are cyclic workspace dependencies, please inspect workspace dependencies declared in dependencies, optionalDependencies and devDependencies.
Ejemplos de uso
Estos son algunos de los proyectos de código abierto más populares que utilizan la función de espacio de trabajo de pnpm:
Configuración
linkWorkspacePackages
- Default: false
- Type: true, false, deep
If this is enabled, locally available packages are linked to node_modules
instead of being downloaded from the registry. This is very convenient in a
monorepo. If you need local packages to also be linked to subdependencies, you
can use the deep setting.
Else, packages are downloaded and installed from the registry. However,
workspace packages can still be linked by using the workspace: range protocol.
Packages are only linked if their versions satisfy the dependency ranges.
injectWorkspacePackages
- Default: false
- Type: Boolean
Enables hard-linking of all local workspace dependencies instead of symlinking them. Alternatively, this can be achieved using dependenciesMeta[].injected, which allows to selectively enable hard-linking for specific dependencies.
Even if this setting is enabled, pnpm will prefer to deduplicate injected dependencies using symlinks—unless multiple dependency graphs are required due to mismatched peer dependencies. This behaviour is controlled by the dedupeInjectedDeps setting.
dedupeInjectedDeps
- Default: true
- Type: Boolean
When this setting is enabled, dependencies that are injected will be symlinked from the workspace whenever possible. If the dependent project and the injected dependency reference the same peer dependencies, then it is not necessary to physically copy the injected dependency into the dependent's node_modules; a symlink is sufficient.
syncInjectedDepsAfterScripts
Added in: v10.5.0
- Default: undefined
- Type: String[]
Injected workspace dependencies are collections of hardlinks, which don't add or remove the files when their sources change. This causes problems in packages that need to be built (such as in TypeScript projects).
This setting is a list of script names. When any of these scripts are executed in a workspace package, the injected dependencies inside node_modules will also be synchronized.
preferWorkspacePackages
- Default: false
- Type: Boolean
If this is enabled, local packages from the workspace are preferred over packages from the registry, even if there is a newer version of the package in the registry.
This setting is only useful if the workspace doesn't use
saveWorkspaceProtocol.
sharedWorkspaceLockfile
- Default: true
- Type: Boolean
If this is enabled, pnpm creates a single pnpm-lock.yaml file in the root of
the workspace. This also means that all dependencies of workspace packages will
be in a single node_modules (and get symlinked to their package node_modules
folder for Node's module resolution).
Advantages of this option:
- cada dependencia es un singleton
- instalaciones más rápidas en un monorepo
- menos cambios en las revisiones de código, ya que están todos en un solo archivo
Even though all the dependencies will be hard linked into the root
node_modules, packages will have access only to those dependencies
that are declared in their package.json, so pnpm's strictness is preserved.
This is a result of the aforementioned symbolic linking.
saveWorkspaceProtocol
- Default: rolling
- Type: true, false, rolling
This setting controls how dependencies that are linked from the workspace are added to package.json.
If foo@1.0.0 is in the workspace and you run pnpm add foo in another project of the workspace, below is how foo will be added to the dependencies field. The savePrefix setting also influences how the spec is created.
| saveWorkspaceProtocol | savePrefix | especificaciones |
|---|---|---|
| false | '' | 1.0.0 |
| false | '~' | ~1.0.0 |
| false | '^' | ^1.0.0 |
| true | '' | workspace:1.0.0 |
| true | '~' | workspace:~1.0.0 |
| true | '^' | workspace:^1.0.0 |
| rolling | '' | workspace:* |
| rolling | '~' | workspace:~ |
| rolling | '^' | workspace:^ |
includeWorkspaceRoot
- Default: false
- Type: Boolean
Al ejecutar comandos recursivamente en un espacio de trabajo, ejecútelos también en el proyecto del espacio de trabajo raíz.
ignoreWorkspaceCycles
- Default: false
- Type: Boolean
When set to true, no workspace cycle warnings will be printed.
disallowWorkspaceCycles
- Default: false
- Type: Boolean
When set to true, installation will fail if the workspace has cycles.
failIfNoMatch
- Default: false
- Type: Boolean
When set to true, the CLI will exit with a non-zero code if no packages match the provided filters.
For example, the following command will exit with a non-zero code because bad-pkg-name is not present in the workspace:
pnpm --filter=bad-pkg-name test