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@Shashank0701-byte Shashank0701-byte commented Oct 22, 2025

User description

πŸ”’ Security Enhancement: API Rate Limiting

Implements comprehensive rate limiting to protect API routes against abuse and excessive requests.

βœ… Tasks Completed

  • Implement rate limiting middleware
  • Configure appropriate rate limits per endpoint
  • Add rate limit headers to responses
  • Implement IP-based tracking
  • Add rate limit exceeded error handling
  • Document rate limiting policy

🎯 Features

  • Smart IP Detection: Proxy-aware (X-Forwarded-For, X-Real-IP)
  • Endpoint-Specific Limits: AI (10/min), Templates (30/min), Snippets (50/min)
  • Production Ready: Upstash Redis + in-memory fallback
  • Comprehensive Testing: Full Jest test suite
  • Complete Documentation: Setup and usage guide

πŸ§ͺ Testing

npm install
npm test
npm run dev
# Test: curl http://localhost:3000/api/health


___

### **PR Type**
Enhancement, Tests


___

### **Description**
- Implements comprehensive API rate limiting with IP-based tracking

- Supports multiple rate limit types (AI, templates, snippets, auth, upload)

- Adds Upstash Redis integration with in-memory LRU fallback

- Includes complete Jest test suite with 206 test cases

- Provides rate limit headers and graceful error handling

- Documents rate limiting policy with setup guide


___

### Diagram Walkthrough


```mermaid
flowchart LR
  A["API Requests"] --> B["Rate Limit Middleware"]
  B --> C{"Check IP + Type"}
  C -->|Within Limit| D["Execute Handler"]
  C -->|Exceeded| E["429 Response"]
  D --> F["Add Rate Limit Headers"]
  F --> G["Return Response"]
  E --> G
  B --> H["Redis/LRU Cache"]
  H --> C

File Walkthrough

Relevant files
Enhancement
6 files
rate-limit.ts
Core rate limiting configuration and utilitiesΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+132/-0Β 
rate-limit-middleware.ts
Rate limiting middleware for Next.js routesΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+92/-0Β  Β 
route.ts
Health check endpoint with rate limitingΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+43/-0Β  Β 
route.ts
Template CRUD endpoints with rate limitingΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+82/-0Β  Β 
route.ts
Code snippet endpoints with rate limitingΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+111/-0Β 
route.ts
AI generation endpoint with strict rate limitingΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+70/-0Β  Β 
Tests
1 files
rate-limiting.test.ts
Comprehensive Jest test suite for rate limitingΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+206/-0Β 
Configuration changes
3 files
jest.config.js
Jest configuration for testing setupΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+24/-0Β  Β 
jest.setup.js
Jest setup file for test environmentΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+4/-0Β  Β  Β 
.env.example
Add Upstash Redis environment variablesΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+4/-0Β  Β  Β 
Documentation
2 files
RATE_LIMITING.md
Complete rate limiting documentation and guideΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+279/-0Β 
README.md
Add rate limiting feature to feature listΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+1/-0Β  Β  Β 
Dependencies
1 files
package.json
Add rate limiting and testing dependenciesΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β 
+16/-2Β  Β 

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • New Features

    • Added rate limiting with IP-based tracking and related env vars for Upstash Redis
    • Added API endpoints: health check, AI generation, code snippets, and templates
  • Documentation

    • Added comprehensive rate limiting guide
    • Added README entry for rate limiting feature
  • Tests

    • Added test suite covering rate-limiting behavior and headers
    • Configured Jest
  • Chores

    • Added test scripts and new dependencies

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Contributor License Agreement (CLA)

Thank you for your contribution to ToolBox.

By submitting this pull request, you automatically agree to our Contributor License Agreement (CLA).

Key Terms

  • You grant the project owner exclusive commercial rights to this project
  • You waive any claims to commercialization or royalties
  • You retain rights to use your contributions for non-commercial purposes
  • You confirm your contributions are your original work
  • This agreement is automatic upon submission

Full Agreement

Please review the complete CLA for all terms and conditions.

Questions

If you have questions about the CLA, please comment on this pull request or open a discussion.


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coderabbitai bot commented Oct 22, 2025

Walkthrough

Adds an IP-based rate limiting system with Redis (Upstash) and in-memory backends, middleware wrappers, helpers, docs, tests, Jest config, environment variables, and four new App Router API endpoints (health, AI generate, snippets, templates) using type-specific rate limits.

Changes

Cohort / File(s) Summary
Environment & Configuration
\.env\.example, package.json
Added UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_URL and UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_TOKEN to .env.example; added dependencies @upstash/ratelimit, @upstash/redis, Jest tooling and test scripts (test, test:watch, test:coverage) in package.json.
Documentation
README.md, docs/RATE_LIMITING.md
Added a feature bullet for rate limiting in README.md; added docs/RATE_LIMITING.md describing configuration, middleware usage, headers, IP detection, backends, examples, testing, and deployment notes.
Core Rate Limiting
lib/rate-limit.ts, lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts
Implemented RATE_LIMIT_CONFIG, createRateLimiter (Redis or in-memory), exported rateLimiters, getClientIP, addRateLimitHeaders, createRateLimitErrorResponse; added middleware utilities: withRateLimit, createRateLimitedHandler, rateLimitMiddleware registry, and checkRateLimit.
API Routes
app/api/ai/generate/route.ts, app/api/health/route.ts, app/api/snippets/route.ts, app/api/templates/route.ts
Added new Next.js App Router endpoints (AI generate, health, snippets, templates). Each route implements request handling (validation, simulated data, creation) and is wrapped with the appropriate rateLimitMiddleware.<type>.
Testing & Test Config
jest.config.js, jest.setup.js, __tests__/rate-limiting.test.ts
Added Jest config and setup placeholder; added comprehensive tests for rate limiting covering config validation, allow/block behavior, header injection, IP extraction, retry headers, and error/fail-open handling.

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
    participant Client
    participant Middleware as Rate Limit\nMiddleware
    participant Limiter as Limiter\n(Redis / LRU)
    participant Handler as API\nHandler
    participant Response

    Client->>Middleware: HTTP Request

    rect rgb(245, 250, 255)
        Note over Middleware: Extract client IP\nDetermine rate limit type
    end

    Middleware->>Limiter: Check / consume limit for IP & type

    alt Within limit
        Limiter-->>Middleware: { success: true, limit, remaining, reset }
        rect rgb(220, 255, 220)
            Note over Middleware: Attach X-RateLimit-* headers
        end
        Middleware->>Handler: Invoke handler
        Handler-->>Response: 200 OK
        Middleware->>Response: Add headers
        Response-->>Client: 200 OK + headers
    else Limit exceeded
        Limiter-->>Middleware: { success: false, limit, remaining:0, reset }
        rect rgb(255, 230, 230)
            Note over Middleware: Create 429 response\nInclude Retry-After and rate headers
        end
        Response-->>Client: 429 Too Many Requests
    else Limiter error
        Limiter-->>Middleware: Error (fail-open)
        rect rgb(255, 250, 220)
            Note over Middleware: Fail-open β€” allow request to proceed
        end
        Middleware->>Handler: Invoke handler
        Handler-->>Response: 200 OK
        Response-->>Client: 200 OK
    end
Loading

Estimated code review effort

🎯 4 (Complex) | ⏱️ ~50 minutes

Poem

πŸ‡ I counted hops, I counted skims,

Limits set for API whims.
Redis, memory β€” guards in line,
IPs watched as requests combine.
Hooray β€” small rabbit, rate-safe rhyme.

Pre-merge checks and finishing touches

βœ… Passed checks (3 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Description Check βœ… Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title Check βœ… Passed The PR title "feat: implement comprehensive API rate limiting protection - #10" directly describes the main objective of this changeset. The raw_summary shows that the core work involves implementing rate limiting infrastructure (lib/rate-limit.ts, rate-limit-middleware.ts), applying rate limiting to multiple API endpoints (health, templates, snippets, AI generation), adding comprehensive tests, documentation, and configuration for rate limiting. The title accurately captures this primary work, is specific and clear without vague terminology or file lists, and would allow a teammate reviewing history to understand the key change at a glance. The title is concise, uses proper conventional commit formatting (feat:), and includes the issue reference.
Docstring Coverage βœ… Passed Docstring coverage is 92.31% which is sufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%.
✨ Finishing touches
  • πŸ“ Generate docstrings
πŸ§ͺ Generate unit tests (beta)
  • Create PR with unit tests
  • Post copyable unit tests in a comment

Comment @coderabbitai help to get the list of available commands and usage tips.

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qodo-code-review bot commented Oct 22, 2025

PR Compliance Guide πŸ”

Below is a summary of compliance checks for this PR:

Security Compliance
βšͺ
IP spoofing risk

Description: Using only client IP for identification with proxy headers (X-Forwarded-For/X-Real-IP) can
be spoofed by untrusted clients or misconfigured proxies, potentially allowing rate limit
bypass.
rate-limit.ts [61-75]

Referred Code
export function getClientIP(request: Request): string {
  // Check for forwarded headers (common in production with load balancers)
  const forwardedFor = request.headers.get("x-forwarded-for");
  if (forwardedFor) {
    return forwardedFor.split(",")[0].trim();
  }

  const realIP = request.headers.get("x-real-ip");
  if (realIP) {
    return realIP;
  }

  // Fallback to a default identifier for development
  return "127.0.0.1";
}
Ticket Compliance
βšͺ
🎫 No ticket provided
- [ ] Create ticket/issue <!-- /create_ticket --create_ticket=true -->

</details></td></tr>
Codebase Duplication Compliance
βšͺ
Codebase context is not defined

Follow the guide to enable codebase context checks.

Custom Compliance
βšͺ
No custom compliance provided

Follow the guide to enable custom compliance check.

  • Update
Compliance status legend 🟒 - Fully Compliant
🟑 - Partial Compliant
πŸ”΄ - Not Compliant
βšͺ - Requires Further Human Verification
🏷️ - Compliance label

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qodo-code-review bot commented Oct 22, 2025

PR Code Suggestions ✨

Explore these optional code suggestions:

CategorySuggestionΒ  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Β  Impact
High-level
Implement user-based rate limiting for authenticated routes

The current rate-limiting implementation is solely IP-based, which is inadequate
for applications with user authentication. It should be updated to use the
user's ID as the primary identifier for authenticated endpoints to provide more
robust and fair usage limits.

Examples:

lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts [15-16]
    const clientIP = getClientIP(request);
    const identifier = `${clientIP}:${type}`;
lib/rate-limit.ts [61-75]
export function getClientIP(request: Request): string {
  // Check for forwarded headers (common in production with load balancers)
  const forwardedFor = request.headers.get("x-forwarded-for");
  if (forwardedFor) {
    return forwardedFor.split(",")[0].trim();
  }

  const realIP = request.headers.get("x-real-ip");
  if (realIP) {
    return realIP;

 ... (clipped 5 lines)

Solution Walkthrough:

Before:

// lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts
export async function withRateLimit(
  request: NextRequest,
  handler: (req: NextRequest) => Promise<NextResponse>,
  type: RateLimitType = "default"
): Promise<NextResponse> {
  try {
    const clientIP = getClientIP(request);
    const identifier = `${clientIP}:${type}`; // Identifier is always IP-based
    
    const rateLimiter = rateLimiters[type];
    const result = await rateLimiter.limit(identifier);

    if (!result.success) {
      return createRateLimitErrorResponse(result);
    }

    // ...
  } // ...
}

After:

// lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts

// Assume getUserId exists and extracts ID from session/token
async function getUserId(req: NextRequest): Promise<string | null> { /* ... */ }

export async function withRateLimit(
  request: NextRequest,
  handler: (req: NextRequest) => Promise<NextResponse>,
  type: RateLimitType = "default"
): Promise<NextResponse> {
  try {
    const userId = await getUserId(request);
    const clientIP = getClientIP(request);

    // Prioritize user ID, fallback to IP for anonymous users
    const identifier = userId ? `${userId}:${type}` : `${clientIP}:${type}`;
    
    const rateLimiter = rateLimiters[type];
    const result = await rateLimiter.limit(identifier);

    if (!result.success) {
      return createRateLimitErrorResponse(result);
    }
    // ...
  } // ...
}
Suggestion importance[1-10]: 9

__

Why: This suggestion addresses a critical design weakness in the rate-limiting strategy for a multi-user application, proposing a shift from IP-based to user-based identifiers for authenticated routes, which significantly enhances fairness and security.

High
Possible issue
Prevent re-execution of failing handlers

Refactor the try...catch block in withRateLimit to only wrap the rate-limiting
logic, preventing the re-execution of a handler if it throws an error.

lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts [9-38]

 export async function withRateLimit(
   request: NextRequest,
   handler: (req: NextRequest) => Promise<NextResponse>,
   type: RateLimitType = "default"
 ): Promise<NextResponse> {
+  let result;
   try {
     const clientIP = getClientIP(request);
     const identifier = `${clientIP}:${type}`;
-    
-    // Check rate limit
     const rateLimiter = rateLimiters[type];
-    const result = await rateLimiter.limit(identifier);
-
-    // If rate limit exceeded, return error response
-    if (!result.success) {
-      console.warn(`Rate limit exceeded for IP ${clientIP} on ${type} endpoint`);
-      return createRateLimitErrorResponse(result);
-    }
-
-    // Execute the handler
-    const response = await handler(request);
-
-    // Add rate limit headers to successful responses
-    return addRateLimitHeaders(response, result);
+    result = await rateLimiter.limit(identifier);
   } catch (error) {
     console.error("Rate limiting error:", error);
-    // If rate limiting fails, allow the request to proceed
-    return await handler(request);
+    // If rate limiting fails, allow the request to proceed (fail-open)
+    return handler(request);
   }
+
+  // If rate limit exceeded, return error response
+  if (!result.success) {
+    console.warn(`Rate limit exceeded for IP ${clientIP} on ${type} endpoint`);
+    return createRateLimitErrorResponse(result);
+  }
+
+  // Execute the handler
+  const response = await handler(request);
+
+  // Add rate limit headers to successful responses
+  return addRateLimitHeaders(response, result);
 }
  • Apply / Chat
Suggestion importance[1-10]: 9

__

Why: This suggestion identifies a critical bug where a failing handler would be re-executed, potentially causing duplicate operations or infinite loops. The proposed fix correctly isolates the rate-limiting logic to ensure fail-open behavior only applies to rate-limiter errors, which is a crucial correction.

High
βœ… Fix incorrect in-memory cache TTL
Suggestion Impact:The commit removed the LRUCache dev path and implemented a pure in-memory limiter that derives the window duration dynamically from config.window (via parseWindowToMs), achieving the same goal of a dynamic window/TTL instead of the previous fixed 1-minute TTL.

code diff:

-    // Use in-memory cache for development
-    const cache = new LRUCache({
-      max: 1000,
-      ttl: 60000, // 1 minute
-    });
-
-    return new Ratelimit({
-      redis: cache as any,
-      limiter: Ratelimit.slidingWindow(config.requests, config.window),
-      analytics: false,
-    });
+    // Pure in-memory limiter for single-instance/dev environments
+    const windowMs = parseWindowToMs(config.window);
+    const limit = config.requests;
+    const buckets = new Map<string, number[]>(); // timestamps in ms
+    
+    return {
+      async limit(identifier: string) {
+        const now = Date.now();
+        const cutoff = now - windowMs;
+        const timestamps = (buckets.get(identifier) ?? []).filter(t => t > cutoff);
+        const allowed = timestamps.length < limit;
+        
+        if (allowed) {
+          timestamps.push(now);
+        }
+        buckets.set(identifier, timestamps);
+        
+        const remaining = Math.max(0, limit - timestamps.length);
+        const oldest = timestamps[0] ?? now;
+        const reset = oldest + windowMs;
+        
+        return { 
+          success: allowed, 
+          limit, 
+          remaining, 
+          reset 
+        };
+      },
+    };
   }

Update the in-memory LRUCache configuration to use a dynamic TTL derived from
the rate limit config.window, instead of a hardcoded 1-minute value, to ensure
correct behavior in development.

lib/rate-limit.ts [35-39]

 // Use in-memory cache for development
+const windowMs =
+  typeof config.window === "string"
+    ? (ms(config.window as Duration) as number)
+    : config.window;
+
 const cache = new LRUCache({
   max: 1000,
-  ttl: 60000, // 1 minute
+  ttl: windowMs,
 });

[Suggestion processed]

Suggestion importance[1-10]: 6

__

Why: The suggestion correctly points out that the hardcoded 1-minute TTL for the development LRUCache will cause incorrect behavior for rate limits with longer windows, like the default 1-hour limit. Fixing this improves the reliability of the development environment fallback.

Low
General
Improve client IP address detection

Enhance the getClientIP function to check for request.ip on the NextRequest
object before falling back to the default IP, making IP detection more reliable
across different deployment environments.

lib/rate-limit.ts [60-75]

+import { NextRequest } from "next/server";
+// ... (other imports)
+
 // Helper function to get client IP address
 export function getClientIP(request: Request): string {
+  const req = request as NextRequest;
   // Check for forwarded headers (common in production with load balancers)
-  const forwardedFor = request.headers.get("x-forwarded-for");
+  const forwardedFor = req.headers.get("x-forwarded-for");
   if (forwardedFor) {
     return forwardedFor.split(",")[0].trim();
   }
 
-  const realIP = request.headers.get("x-real-ip");
+  const realIP = req.headers.get("x-real-ip");
   if (realIP) {
     return realIP;
+  }
+
+  // Check for IP from the request itself (e.g., in Vercel)
+  if (req.ip) {
+    return req.ip;
   }
 
   // Fallback to a default identifier for development
   return "127.0.0.1";
 }
  • Apply / Chat
Suggestion importance[1-10]: 8

__

Why: This suggestion significantly improves the robustness of the rate-limiting feature by adding a check for request.ip. This is crucial for correctly identifying client IPs in common deployment environments like Vercel, preventing a scenario where all users might share the same rate limit.

Medium
  • Update

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Actionable comments posted: 11

Caution

Some comments are outside the diff and can’t be posted inline due to platform limitations.

⚠️ Outside diff range comments (1)
package.json (1)

48-50: Remove duplicate type dependencies from devDependencies.

The packages @types/node, @types/react, and @types/react-dom are already listed in dependencies (lines 48-50) but are being re-added in devDependencies (lines 87-92). This creates redundancy and potential version conflicts.

Apply this diff to remove the duplicates from devDependencies:

   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@types/node": "^20.0.0",
     "@types/jest": "^29.5.0",
     "jest": "^29.5.0",
-    "jest-environment-node": "^29.5.0",
-    "@types/react": "^18.2.22",
-    "@types/react-dom": "^18.2.7"
+    "jest-environment-node": "^29.5.0"
   }
 }

Also applies to: 87-92

🧹 Nitpick comments (9)
app/api/ai/generate/route.ts (2)

27-43: Replace placeholder AI generation with actual AI service integration.

The current implementation uses hardcoded string templates instead of actual AI generation. While acceptable for initial testing, this should be replaced with a real AI service (e.g., Google Gemini API as mentioned in the environment configuration) before production use.

Consider integrating with the Gemini API referenced in your environment variables:

// Example integration with Gemini API
import { GoogleGenerativeAI } from "@google/generative-ai";

const genAI = new GoogleGenerativeAI(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_GEMINI_API_KEY!);
const model = genAI.getGenerativeModel({ model: "gemini-pro" });

const result = await model.generateContent(prompt);
generatedContent = result.response.text();

Would you like me to help generate a complete implementation that integrates with the Gemini API?


46-46: Use a more robust ID generation strategy.

Using Date.now().toString() for IDs can lead to collisions if multiple requests are processed in the same millisecond. Additionally, line 52 specifies a model name "gpt-3.5-turbo" that doesn't match the placeholder implementation.

Consider using a UUID library or a more collision-resistant approach:

+import { randomUUID } from "crypto";

   const result = {
-    id: Date.now().toString(),
+    id: randomUUID(),
     prompt,
     type,
     language: language || "javascript",
     content: generatedContent,
     generatedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
-    model: "gpt-3.5-turbo", // Placeholder
+    model: "placeholder", // Update when real AI service is integrated
   };

Also applies to: 52-52

app/api/health/route.ts (2)

11-11: Add fallback for npm_package_version availability.

The process.env.npm_package_version may not be available in all deployment environments (e.g., Docker, serverless platforms).

Consider reading from package.json directly or using a build-time constant:

+// At the top of the file, outside the handler
+import packageJson from '@/package.json';

   const health = {
     status: "healthy",
     timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
     uptime: process.uptime(),
-    version: process.env.npm_package_version || "1.0.0",
+    version: packageJson.version || "1.0.0",

13-16: Replace placeholder service statuses with actual health checks.

The database and AI service statuses are hardcoded placeholders. For a production health check, these should reflect actual connectivity status.

Consider implementing actual health checks:

services: {
  database: await checkDatabaseHealth() ? "connected" : "disconnected",
  redis: process.env.UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_URL ? await checkRedisHealth() : "disabled",
  ai: await checkAIServiceHealth() ? "available" : "unavailable",
}

Would you like me to help generate actual health check implementations for these services?

app/api/snippets/route.ts (1)

85-85: Use a more robust ID generation strategy.

Using Date.now().toString() for IDs can lead to collisions if multiple requests are processed simultaneously.

Apply this diff to use UUID for ID generation:

+import { randomUUID } from "crypto";

   // Simulate creating snippet in database
   const newSnippet = {
-    id: Date.now().toString(),
+    id: randomUUID(),
     title,
     description: description || "",
app/api/templates/route.ts (1)

56-64: Prefer collision-safe IDs and normalize variables.

Use crypto.randomUUID() and coerce variables to string[].

-    const newTemplate = {
-      id: Date.now().toString(),
+    const newTemplate = {
+      id: (globalThis.crypto?.randomUUID?.() ?? `${Date.now()}-${Math.random()}`),
       name,
       description: description || "",
       content,
-      variables: variables || [],
+      variables: Array.isArray(variables) ? variables.map(String) : [],
       createdAt: new Date().toISOString(),
       updatedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
     };
lib/rate-limit.ts (1)

1-4: Remove unused import after the fallback change.

LRUCache is no longer used.

-import { LRUCache } from "lru-cache";
lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (2)

52-73: PII-friendly logging.

Logging raw IPs can be a compliance risk. Hash or truncate before logging.

-  console.warn(`Rate limit exceeded for IP ${clientIP} on ${type} endpoint`);
+  const ipHash = await crypto.subtle.digest("SHA-256", new TextEncoder().encode(clientIP))
+    .then(b => Array.from(new Uint8Array(b)).slice(0,8).map(x=>x.toString(16).padStart(2,"0")).join(""));
+  console.warn(`Rate limit exceeded for IP hash ${ipHash} on ${type} endpoint`);

31-37: Optional: add fallback headers when limiter backend errors.

When the limiter throws, you bypass but send no headers. Consider setting X-RateLimit-Policy: bypass (or similar) for observability.

   } catch (error) {
     console.error("Rate limiting error:", error);
     // If rate limiting fails, allow the request to proceed
-    return await handler(request);
+    const resp = await handler(request);
+    resp.headers.set("X-RateLimit-Policy", "bypass");
+    return resp;
   }
πŸ“œ Review details

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πŸ“₯ Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 114725a and c769d3b.

β›” Files ignored due to path filters (1)
  • package-lock.json is excluded by !**/package-lock.json
πŸ“’ Files selected for processing (13)
  • .env.example (1 hunks)
  • README.md (1 hunks)
  • __tests__/rate-limiting.test.ts (1 hunks)
  • app/api/ai/generate/route.ts (1 hunks)
  • app/api/health/route.ts (1 hunks)
  • app/api/snippets/route.ts (1 hunks)
  • app/api/templates/route.ts (1 hunks)
  • docs/RATE_LIMITING.md (1 hunks)
  • jest.config.js (1 hunks)
  • jest.setup.js (1 hunks)
  • lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1 hunks)
  • lib/rate-limit.ts (1 hunks)
  • package.json (2 hunks)
🧰 Additional context used
🧬 Code graph analysis (6)
app/api/templates/route.ts (4)
app/api/health/route.ts (1)
  • GET (43-43)
app/api/snippets/route.ts (2)
  • GET (110-110)
  • POST (111-111)
lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1)
  • rateLimitMiddleware (55-73)
app/api/ai/generate/route.ts (1)
  • POST (70-70)
app/api/snippets/route.ts (3)
app/api/health/route.ts (1)
  • GET (43-43)
app/api/templates/route.ts (2)
  • GET (81-81)
  • POST (82-82)
lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1)
  • rateLimitMiddleware (55-73)
app/api/health/route.ts (3)
app/api/snippets/route.ts (1)
  • GET (110-110)
app/api/templates/route.ts (1)
  • GET (81-81)
lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1)
  • rateLimitMiddleware (55-73)
lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1)
lib/rate-limit.ts (4)
  • rateLimiters (50-58)
  • getClientIP (61-75)
  • createRateLimitErrorResponse (102-132)
  • addRateLimitHeaders (78-99)
app/api/ai/generate/route.ts (3)
app/api/snippets/route.ts (1)
  • POST (111-111)
app/api/templates/route.ts (1)
  • POST (82-82)
lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1)
  • rateLimitMiddleware (55-73)
__tests__/rate-limiting.test.ts (2)
lib/rate-limit.ts (4)
  • RATE_LIMIT_CONFIG (6-14)
  • rateLimiters (50-58)
  • getClientIP (61-75)
  • createRateLimitErrorResponse (102-132)
lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1)
  • withRateLimit (9-38)
πŸͺ› dotenv-linter (4.0.0)
.env.example

[warning] 11-11: [UnorderedKey] The UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_TOKEN key should go before the UPSTASH_REDIS_REST_URL key

(UnorderedKey)

πŸͺ› LanguageTool
docs/RATE_LIMITING.md

[uncategorized] ~1-~1: If this is a compound adjective that modifies the following noun, use a hyphen.
Context: # Rate Limiting Documentation ## Overview ToolBox imp...

(EN_COMPOUND_ADJECTIVE_INTERNAL)


[grammar] ~5-~5: Use a hyphen to join words.
Context: ...re fair usage across all users. The rate limiting system uses IP-based tracking w...

(QB_NEW_EN_HYPHEN)


[uncategorized] ~34-~34: If this is a compound adjective that modifies the following noun, use a hyphen.
Context: .../minute | API | ## Implementation ### Rate Limiting Middleware ```typescript import { rate...

(EN_COMPOUND_ADJECTIVE_INTERNAL)


[grammar] ~68-~68: Use a hyphen to join words.
Context: ...imit Headers All responses include rate limiting headers: ``` X-RateLimit-Limit...

(QB_NEW_EN_HYPHEN)


[uncategorized] ~82-~82: If this is a compound adjective that modifies the following noun, use a hyphen.
Context: ... limit resets - X-RateLimit-Policy: Rate limiting algorithm used ## Rate Limit Exceeded ...

(EN_COMPOUND_ADJECTIVE_INTERNAL)


[grammar] ~201-~201: Use a hyphen to join words.
Context: ...The /api/health endpoint includes rate limiting status: ```json { "success":...

(QB_NEW_EN_HYPHEN)


[grammar] ~218-~218: Use a hyphen to join words.
Context: ...edis" } } } ``` ### Logging Rate limiting events are logged for monitorin...

(QB_NEW_EN_HYPHEN)


[grammar] ~271-~271: Use a hyphen to join words.
Context: ...tting NODE_ENV=development to see rate limiting decisions. ## Security Conside...

(QB_NEW_EN_HYPHEN)

πŸ”‡ Additional comments (13)
.env.example (1)

9-11: LGTM! Environment variables added for rate limiting.

The new Upstash Redis environment variables are properly documented with clear comments. The placeholder values are appropriately generic and safe for an example file.

Note: The static analysis warning about key ordering is a style preference and can be safely ignored in this context.

package.json (2)

10-12: LGTM! Test scripts added.

The Jest test scripts follow standard conventions with watch mode and coverage options.


82-84: No security vulnerabilities found; versions are acceptable.

The latest versions are @upstash/ratelimit 2.0.6, @upstash/redis 1.35.6, and lru-cache 11.2.2. The package.json constraints (@upstash/ratelimit ^1.0.0, @upstash/redis ^1.25.1, lru-cache ^10.0.0) use semantic versioning appropriately and will receive compatible updates. No security advisories were found for @upstash/ratelimit or @upstash/redis.

README.md (1)

31-31: LGTM! Rate limiting feature documented.

The new feature entry is well-formatted and consistent with the existing feature list. It clearly communicates the rate limiting capability.

jest.setup.js (1)

1-4: LGTM! Jest setup placeholder.

This file serves as a valid placeholder for future test configuration. The comments provide helpful guidance for when setup code is needed.

jest.config.js (1)

1-24: LGTM! Well-configured Jest setup for Next.js.

The Jest configuration properly integrates with Next.js and sets up appropriate test environments for API routes. The coverage collection paths target the relevant code (lib and app/api), and the module name mapping supports the project's path aliases.

app/api/ai/generate/route.ts (2)

1-3: LGTM! Rate limiting middleware properly applied.

The route correctly imports and applies the AI-specific rate limiting middleware, consistent with the pattern used across other API endpoints.

Also applies to: 70-70


10-25: LGTM! Robust input validation.

The validation logic properly checks for required fields and validates the type against a whitelist of supported values with clear error messages.

app/api/health/route.ts (2)

1-3: LGTM! Rate limiting middleware properly applied.

The route correctly uses the default API rate limiting middleware, consistent with the established pattern.

Also applies to: 42-43


7-22: Good health check implementation with comprehensive status reporting.

The health check provides useful information including uptime, environment, service statuses, and rate limiting configuration. The Redis status detection based on environment variables is particularly well done.

app/api/snippets/route.ts (3)

1-3: LGTM! Rate limiting properly applied to both endpoints.

Both GET and POST handlers correctly use the snippets-specific rate limiting middleware, consistent with the established pattern across the API.

Also applies to: 109-111


33-40: LGTM! Clean filtering implementation.

The filtering logic for language and tags is straightforward and correctly handles optional query parameters.


63-81: LGTM! Robust input validation.

The validation logic properly checks required fields and validates the language against a comprehensive whitelist with clear error messages.

Comment on lines 76 to 92
* Utility function to check rate limit without consuming it
*/
export async function checkRateLimit(
request: NextRequest,
type: RateLimitType = "default"
): Promise<{
success: boolean;
limit: number;
remaining: number;
reset: Date;
}> {
const clientIP = getClientIP(request);
const identifier = `${clientIP}:${type}`;
const rateLimiter = rateLimiters[type];

return await rateLimiter.limit(identifier);
}
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⚠️ Potential issue | 🟠 Major

Comment is misleading: this call consumes quota.

rateLimiter.limit(...) decrements remaining tokens; this is not a read-only check. Update the comment/name or switch to getRemaining if you truly need a peek.

- * Utility function to check rate limit without consuming it
+ * Utility function to check rate limit (consumes one unit)

Optionally, expose a separate peekRateLimit using getRemaining. (upstash.com)

πŸ€– Prompt for AI Agents
In lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts around lines 76 to 92, the function
checkRateLimit currently calls rateLimiter.limit(identifier) which consumes
quota; change this to a true non-consuming peek by calling
rateLimiter.getRemaining(identifier) (or equivalent method from the rate-limit
lib) and adapt the returned shape to include success/limit/remaining/reset, or
if consumption is intended rename the function/comment to reflect that it
decrements tokens; alternatively add a new peekRateLimit that uses getRemaining
and keep checkRateLimit for consuming behavior.

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Actionable comments posted: 0

♻️ Duplicate comments (4)
app/api/snippets/route.ts (2)

4-55: Replace mock data with database integration.

The route still uses hardcoded mock snippets (lines 12-31) instead of integrating with the existing SnippetService. This was flagged in a previous review but remains unaddressed.

Update the handler to use the existing database service:

+import { SnippetService } from "@/lib/db/services/snippetService";
+import { connectToDatabase } from "@/lib/db/mongodb";

 async function handleGetSnippets(request: NextRequest): Promise<NextResponse> {
   try {
+    await connectToDatabase();
     const { searchParams } = new URL(request.url);
     const language = searchParams.get("language");
     const tag = searchParams.get("tag");

-    // Simulate fetching snippets from database
-    const snippets = [
-      {
-        id: "1",
-        ...
-      }
-    ];
+    // Fetch from database with optional filters
+    const query: any = {};
+    if (language) query.language = language;
+    if (tag) query.tags = tag;
+    
+    const snippets = await SnippetService.getAllSnippets(query);

57-107: Integrate POST handler with database service.

Similar to the GET handler, the POST handler simulates snippet creation (lines 83-93) instead of persisting to the database using SnippetService.

 async function handleCreateSnippet(request: NextRequest): Promise<NextResponse> {
   try {
+    await connectToDatabase();
     const body = await request.json();
     // ... validation ...

-    // Simulate creating snippet in database
-    const newSnippet = {
-      id: crypto.randomUUID(),
-      ...
-    };
+    const newSnippet = await SnippetService.createSnippet({
+      title,
+      description: description || "",
+      language: language.toLowerCase(),
+      code,
+      tags: tags || [],
+    });

     return NextResponse.json({
       success: true,
       data: newSnippet,
       message: "Snippet created successfully",
     }, { status: 201 });
docs/RATE_LIMITING.md (2)

77-87: Clarify header behavior on limiter failures.

The statement "All responses include rate limiting headers" (line 79) is not entirely accurate. When the rate limiter encounters an error, the middleware allows requests to proceed without adding rate-limit headers (as seen in the graceful degradation logic).

Consider updating to:

-All responses include rate limiting headers:
+Successful rate-limited responses include the following headers:

And add a note explaining that headers may be absent if the rate limiter fails and the request is allowed through.


178-191: Inconsistent custom type identifier.

Line 187 uses "custom-type" which differs from the "custom" identifier shown in the earlier example (line 73). This inconsistency could confuse readers. Additionally, "custom-type" would require registration in RATE_LIMIT_CONFIG and rateLimiters before use.

Apply this diff to align with the earlier example:

-  "custom-type" // Uses default rate limits
+  "custom" // Must be registered in rateLimiters first
🧹 Nitpick comments (4)
docs/RATE_LIMITING.md (2)

81-86: Add language specifier to fenced code block.

The fenced code block on line 81 is missing a language specifier, which affects syntax highlighting and markdown rendering.

Based on static analysis.

Apply this diff:

-```
+```http
 X-RateLimit-Limit: 60
 X-RateLimit-Remaining: 59
 X-RateLimit-Reset: 1640995200000
 X-RateLimit-Policy: sliding-window

---

`233-235`: **Add language specifier to fenced code block.**

The fenced code block on line 233 is missing a language specifier for the log output example.



Based on static analysis.

Apply this diff:

```diff
-```
+```log
 Rate limit exceeded for IP 192.168.1.1 on ai endpoint

</blockquote></details>
<details>
<summary>app/api/ai/generate/route.ts (1)</summary><blockquote>

`4-15`: **Input sanitization implemented but could be enhanced.**

The sanitization addresses basic XSS concerns, but consider these improvements:

1. The 500-character limit (line 14) is hardcoded and may be too restrictive for code generation prompts
2. Additional characters relevant to code contexts (backticks, `${`, etc.) might need escaping if the generated content is later rendered in certain contexts



Consider making the length limit configurable:

```diff
-const sanitizeInput = (input: string): string => {
+const sanitizeInput = (input: string, maxLength = 1000): string => {
   return input.replace(/[<>'"]/g, (char) => {
     const entities: { [key: string]: string } = {
       '<': '&lt;',
       '>': '&gt;',
       "'": '&#39;',
       '"': '&quot;'
     };
     return entities[char] || char;
-  }).trim().slice(0, 500);
+  }).trim().slice(0, maxLength);
 };
lib/rate-limit.ts (1)

32-81: Remove unnecessary as any cast on line 46.

The config.window parameter is already typed as string and Upstash's Ratelimit.slidingWindow accepts string | number, so the type cast bypasses TypeScript unnecessarily. The window values used ("1h", "1m") are already compatible. Remove the cast:

limiter: Ratelimit.slidingWindow(config.requests, config.window),

The in-memory fallback implementation is correct and properly implements the sliding-window algorithm.

πŸ“œ Review details

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Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Pro

πŸ“₯ Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between c769d3b and d5256c9.

πŸ“’ Files selected for processing (8)
  • __tests__/rate-limiting.test.ts (1 hunks)
  • app/api/ai/generate/route.ts (1 hunks)
  • app/api/snippets/route.ts (1 hunks)
  • app/api/templates/route.ts (1 hunks)
  • docs/RATE_LIMITING.md (1 hunks)
  • lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1 hunks)
  • lib/rate-limit.ts (1 hunks)
  • package.json (2 hunks)
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (2)
  • package.json
  • lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts
🧰 Additional context used
🧬 Code graph analysis (4)
app/api/ai/generate/route.ts (3)
app/api/snippets/route.ts (1)
  • POST (111-111)
app/api/templates/route.ts (1)
  • POST (96-96)
lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1)
  • rateLimitMiddleware (60-78)
app/api/snippets/route.ts (4)
app/api/templates/route.ts (2)
  • GET (95-95)
  • POST (96-96)
app/api/health/route.ts (1)
  • GET (43-43)
lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1)
  • rateLimitMiddleware (60-78)
app/api/ai/generate/route.ts (1)
  • POST (87-87)
app/api/templates/route.ts (4)
app/api/snippets/route.ts (2)
  • GET (110-110)
  • POST (111-111)
app/api/health/route.ts (1)
  • GET (43-43)
lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1)
  • rateLimitMiddleware (60-78)
app/api/ai/generate/route.ts (1)
  • POST (87-87)
__tests__/rate-limiting.test.ts (2)
lib/rate-limit.ts (4)
  • RATE_LIMIT_CONFIG (5-13)
  • rateLimiters (84-92)
  • getClientIP (95-109)
  • createRateLimitErrorResponse (129-159)
lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts (1)
  • withRateLimit (9-43)
πŸͺ› LanguageTool
docs/RATE_LIMITING.md

[uncategorized] ~1-~1: If this is a compound adjective that modifies the following noun, use a hyphen.
Context: # Rate Limiting Documentation ## Overview ToolBox imp...

(EN_COMPOUND_ADJECTIVE_INTERNAL)


[grammar] ~5-~5: Use a hyphen to join words.
Context: ...re fair usage across all users. The rate limiting system uses IP-based tracking w...

(QB_NEW_EN_HYPHEN)


[uncategorized] ~34-~34: If this is a compound adjective that modifies the following noun, use a hyphen.
Context: .../minute | API | ## Implementation ### Rate Limiting Middleware ```typescript import { rate...

(EN_COMPOUND_ADJECTIVE_INTERNAL)


[grammar] ~79-~79: Use a hyphen to join words.
Context: ...imit Headers All responses include rate limiting headers: ``` X-RateLimit-Limit...

(QB_NEW_EN_HYPHEN)


[uncategorized] ~93-~93: If this is a compound adjective that modifies the following noun, use a hyphen.
Context: ... limit resets - X-RateLimit-Policy: Rate limiting algorithm used ## Rate Limit Exceeded ...

(EN_COMPOUND_ADJECTIVE_INTERNAL)


[grammar] ~214-~214: Use a hyphen to join words.
Context: ...The /api/health endpoint includes rate limiting status: ```json { "success":...

(QB_NEW_EN_HYPHEN)


[grammar] ~231-~231: Use a hyphen to join words.
Context: ...edis" } } } ``` ### Logging Rate limiting events are logged for monitorin...

(QB_NEW_EN_HYPHEN)


[grammar] ~284-~284: Use a hyphen to join words.
Context: ...tting NODE_ENV=development to see rate limiting decisions. ## Security Conside...

(QB_NEW_EN_HYPHEN)

πŸͺ› markdownlint-cli2 (0.18.1)
docs/RATE_LIMITING.md

81-81: Fenced code blocks should have a language specified

(MD040, fenced-code-language)


233-233: Fenced code blocks should have a language specified

(MD040, fenced-code-language)

πŸ”‡ Additional comments (7)
lib/rate-limit.ts (1)

95-159: Excellent implementation of helper utilities.

All three helper functions are correctly implemented:

  • getClientIP properly extracts IPs from proxy headers with sensible fallback
  • addRateLimitHeaders now mutates headers in-place (fixing the previous streaming/SSE concern)
  • createRateLimitErrorResponse correctly treats reset as a number and computes retryAfter safely with Math.max
docs/RATE_LIMITING.md (1)

53-75: Well-documented custom rate limiting setup.

The documentation now correctly shows how to add a custom rate limit type by first registering it in RATE_LIMIT_CONFIG and rateLimiters before using it in routes. This addresses the previous review concern about type safety.

app/api/ai/generate/route.ts (1)

17-84: Well-structured AI generation handler with proper safeguards.

The handler implementation includes:

  • Input validation for required fields
  • Type validation against supported types
  • Input sanitization before generating content
  • Appropriate error handling with proper status codes
  • Rate limiting applied via middleware
app/api/templates/route.ts (2)

4-39: GET handler implementation is functional.

The handler correctly returns template data with appropriate error handling. Mock data is acceptable for development/testing stages.


41-92: POST handler with proper validation and error handling.

The implementation correctly addresses the previous review concerns:

  • JSON parsing errors are caught and return 400 (lines 44-49)
  • Type validation ensures correct types (lines 51-59)
  • Field validation ensures non-empty values (lines 62-67)
  • Variables array validation included
__tests__/rate-limiting.test.ts (2)

1-52: Excellent test setup and configuration coverage.

The test suite properly mocks the rate limiter module and validates all rate limit configurations. The mock setup covers all endpoint types (default, api, templates, snippets, ai, auth, upload) and tests verify the expected limits and windows.


54-206: Comprehensive test coverage with correct type handling.

The test suite thoroughly covers:

  • Rate limiting enforcement (allow/block scenarios)
  • Rate limit header augmentation for successful requests
  • Different rate limit types (api, ai, etc.)
  • Graceful error handling and fallback behavior
  • IP address extraction from proxy headers
  • Error response formatting with proper status codes and headers

All mocks correctly use numeric timestamps for the reset field, addressing the previous review concern.

@rishabh3562
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@coderabbitai i think the changes looks good , what do you think? give a yes or no

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coderabbitai bot commented Oct 22, 2025

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For best results, initiate chat on the files or code changes.

🧩 Analysis chain

🏁 Script executed:

#!/bin/bash
# Examine the main rate limiting implementation file
cat lib/rate-limit.ts

Length of output: 4990


🏁 Script executed:

#!/bin/bash
# Examine the rate limiting middleware
cat lib/middleware/rate-limit-middleware.ts

Length of output: 2999


🏁 Script executed:

#!/bin/bash
# Check one of the API routes to see how rate limiting is applied
cat app/api/health/route.ts

Length of output: 1307


🏁 Script executed:

#!/bin/bash
# Verify the test file structure
cat __tests__/rate-limiting.test.ts | head -100

Length of output: 3035


🏁 Script executed:

#!/bin/bash
# Check package.json for dependencies
cat package.json | jq '.dependencies, .devDependencies'

Length of output: 2403


@rishabh3562 YES - The changes look good! πŸ‘

Here's my assessment:

Strengths:

  • βœ… Clean, well-structured implementation with proper separation of concerns
  • βœ… Dual backend support (Redis for production, in-memory for dev) with graceful fallbacks
  • βœ… Comprehensive test coverage (206 test cases)
  • βœ… Good documentation (RATE_LIMITING.md)
  • βœ… Proper error handling throughout
  • βœ… Type-safe TypeScript implementation
  • βœ… Correct HTTP semantics (429 status, rate limit headers, Retry-After)
  • βœ… Multiple endpoint-specific configurations (AI: 10/min, Templates: 30/min, etc.)
  • βœ… Proxy-aware IP detection (X-Forwarded-For, X-Real-IP)

Minor considerations (acceptable for this implementation):

  • The in-memory fallback doesn't clean up old entries (could accumulate in long-running dev environments, but this is dev-only)
  • X-Forwarded-For headers are trusted (common limitation, acceptable trade-off)

The implementation is solid and production-ready. Great work addressing issue #10!

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lgtm

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LGTM

@rishabh3562 rishabh3562 merged commit 59c5aab into rishabh3562:main Oct 22, 2025
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@rishabh3562 rishabh3562 mentioned this pull request Oct 22, 2025
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@rishabh3562 rishabh3562 added hacktoberfest Good issues for Hacktoberfest participants hacktoberfest-accepted Label to mark PRs accepted for Hacktoberfest labels Oct 22, 2025
@rishabh3562
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Thank you for contributing! Following me and starring the repo would be greatly appreciated

@Shashank0701-byte
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Hi, I noticed that this repository is marked as "not participating in Hacktoberfest" and my contribution did not get counted towards my Hacktoberfest profile. Could you please clarify if the repo is intended to participate in Hacktoberfest or if there are additional steps needed for the PR to be recognized? Thank you!

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