This project is the construction of a compiler for a simple programming language. We're building a compiler from scratch to deepen our understanding of how programming languages are processed and executed.

1. Understand the fundamental stages of compilation
2. Implement each component of a basic compiler
3. Create a simple programming language to compile
4. Generate executable code or interpretable bytecode

Our compiler will include the following stages:

1. Lexical Analysis: Tokenizing the input source code
2. Syntax Analysis: Parsing tokens into an Abstract Syntax Tree (AST)
3. Semantic Analysis: Checking for semantic errors and type checking
4. Intermediate Code Generation: Creating an intermediate representation
5. Code Optimization: Improving the intermediate code (optional)
6. Code Generation: Producing the target code (e.g., assembly or bytecode)

Our simple programming language will support the following features:

1. Variables: Declaring and initializing variables
2. Arithmetic Operations: Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division
3. Control Structures: if statements, for loops
4. Functions: Defining and calling functions