This page was last updated with information for Minecraft 1.21.8, and may be missing new features and changes.

List of all commands

This is a list of all commands along with what they do basically, organised by permission level.

Syntax

We use the following syntax to make it easier to understand which arguments are needed.

Variable	Meaning
`<argumentName>`	An argument.
`[<entry>]`	An optional entry.
`<entryA│entryB│entryC>`	Pick one of these. This is required.
`[entryA│entryB│entryC]`	Pick one of these. This is optional.
`...`	Some syntax is left out, you can find more about the command on its dedicated page

Common Parameters

Parameters that show up commonly

Variable	Meaning
`target(s)`	A Target Selector.
`range`	A Range.
`time`	Indicates time (`1s` = 1 second, `1t` = 1 game tick)

List of commands by Permission Level

Permission level 0

These commands can be run by any player, no matter their permission level.

/help [command] - Shows the help menu for commands
/list [uuids] - Lists players on the server
/random <roll|value> <range> - Creates a random value (<sequence> requires Permission Level 2+)
/seed - Displays the world’s seed, permission level 0 only in singleplayer
/teammsg <message> - Sends a message to all players in the same team of the command runner. (Alias /tm)
/me <message> - Displays: * <Player's Name> <message> in chat
/msg <player> <message> - Sends a private message to a player. (Alias /tell and /w)
/trigger <objective> [add|set] [<value>] - Triggers a scoreboard objective (see Scoreboards)

Permission level 1

There are currently no commands with the permission level 1 in Java Edition.

Permission level 2

These commands require a permission level same or bigger than 2 to run them.

/advancement <grant|revoke> <targets> <everything|only|from|through|until> <advancement> - Gives, removes or checks players advancements
/attribute <target> <attribute> get|base|modifier|reset ... - Can change or read attributes. See more on the Minecraft Wiki
/bossbar list|add|remove|set|get [<id>] ... - Changes or creates bossbars
/clear [<targets>] [<item>] [<maxCount>] - Clears items from the players inventory
/clone <<begin-xyz> <end-xyz> ... | from <sourceDimension> <begin-xyz> <end-xyz> ...> - Copies blocks in an area from one place to another, or from one dimension to another
/damage <target> <amount> [<damageType>] [at <location>]|[by <entity>] [from <cause>] - Damages selected entities/players.
/data <get|merge|modify|remove> ... - Changes block entity or entity NBT data. See more on its dedicated page.
/datapack disable <name>|enable <name> <first|last|before|after>|list [available|enabled]|create <id> <name> - Enables, disables or creates a datapack
/defaultgamemode <survival|adventure|creative|spectator> - Sets the default gamemode of a world
/dialog <show <targets> <dialog>|clear <targets>> - Shows and hides dialog screens from players
/difficulty [peaceful|easy|normal|hard] - Sets or gets the difficulty of a world
/effect <clear [<targets>] [<effect>]|give <targets> <effect> [<seconds>|infinite] [<amplifier>] [<hideParticles>]> - Changes the entity’s active effects
/enchant <targets> <enchantment> [<level>] - Adds enchantments onto held item. (Note that you can’t enchant items with a level higher than what is possible in survival)
/execute ... - Executes a different command (See more here: /execute)
/experience <add|set|query <targets>> ... - Adds, removes or gets the players experience points. (ALIAS: /xp)
/fill <from-XYZ> <to-XYZ> <block> [destroy|hollow|keep|outline|replace [filter]] - Fills the defined region with selected blocks
/fillbiome <from-XYZ> <to-XYZ> <biome> [replace [filter]] - Fills the defined region with a specific biome
/forceload add <from> [<to>] <remove all|query [pos]> - Forces chunks to be loaded constantly
/function <name> <arguments>|with <block <sourcePos>|entity <source>|storage <source>> [<path>] - Triggers a function
/gamemode <gamemode> [<target>] - Changes or checks the player’s gamemode
/gamerule <rule name> [<value>] - Changes or checks a gamerule
/give <target> <item> [<count>] - Gives an item to the player
/item <modify|replace> <block <pos>|entity <targets>> <slot> ... - Modifies or copies items from inventories of entities/blocks
/kill [<targets>] - Kills selected entities
/locate <structure|biome|poi> <id> - Displays the coordinates or returns the distance of the nearest biome, structure or point of interest.
/loot <give <players>|insert <target_pos>|spawn <target_pos>|replace <block|entity>> <fish ...|loot <loot_table>|kill <target>|mine ...> ... - Spawns or inserts the selected loot table into an inventory or the world
/particle <name> [<pos>] <delta> <speed> <count> [force|normal] [<viewers>] - Spawns a selected particle with specified parameters
/place <feature|jigsaw|structure|template> ... - Places a structure, a feature, a structure template or a template pool on a selected location
/playsound <sound> [<source>] [<targets>] [<pos>] [<volume>] [<pitch>] [<minVolume>] - Plays a specified sound to a player
/random <value|roll|reset> ... - Rolls a random number
/recipe <give|take> <targets> <recipe|*> - Gives or takes recipes from a player
/reload - Reloads all datapacks in a world. (If there is an error in any of the files, it won’t reload it)
/return <value>|fail|run <command> - Returns a number from a function, while also stopping it
/ride <target> <mount <vehicle>|dismount> - Make an entity ride or dismount a different entity
/rotate <target> <rotation|facing <location|entity <facingTarget> [<facingAnchor>]>> - Used to rotate an entity, works similarly to /teleport but doesn’t dismount the entity it’s riding.
/say <message> - Sends a message into chat to all players
/schedule <function <function> <time> [append|replace]|clear <function>> - Schedules a function or clears it. Note that this will not transfer over selectors
/scoreboard <objectives|players> ... - Manages scoreboard objectives and players
/seed - Displays the world’s seed, permission level 2 only in multiplayer.
/setblock <pos-XYZ> <block> [destroy|keep|replace] - Changes or replaces a specified block with a different one
/setworldspawn [<pos>] [<angle>] - Sets the world’s spawn
/spawnpoint [<targets>] [<pos>] [<angle>] - Changes the spawn point for a player
/spectate <target> [<player>] - Makes a player spectate an entity, note that the spectator has to be in spectator mode
/spreadplayers <center> <spreadDistance> <maxRange> [under <maxHeight>] <respectTeams> <targets> - Teleport entities randomly across a specified area
/stopsound <targets> [<source>] [<sound>] - Stops any playing sound
/summon <entity> [<pos>] [<nbt>] - Summons an entity
/tag <targets> add <name>|remove <name>| list - Adds, removes or lists entities tags
/team <list|add|remove|empty|join|leave|modify> ... - Modifies and creates teams
/teleport [<targets>] <destination|location [<rotation>|facing <location|entity <facingTarget> [<facingAnchor>]>]> ... - Teleport entities to a specified location. (ALIAS: /tp)
/tellraw <targets> <message> - Sends a JSON message to players
/time <add <time>|query <daytime|gametime|day>|set <daytime|gametime|day|time>> - Controls or checks the time
/title <targets> (times <fadeIn> <stay> <fadeOut>clear|reset|title <title>|subtitle <title>|actionbar <title>) - Displays text on the player’s screen
/weather weather <clear|rain|thunder> [<duration>] - Changes the weather
/worldborder add|center|damage|get|set|warning ... - Controls the worldborder

Permission level 3

These commands require a permission level same or bigger than 3 to run them.

/ban <target> [<reason>] - Adds the player’s profile into the server’s banlist
/ban-ip <target> [<reason>] - Adds the player’s IP address into the server’s banlist
/banlist [ips|players] - Displays the server’s banlist
/debug <start|stop|function> <name> - Starts or stops a debug
/deop <targets> - Removes a player operator status
/kick <target> [<reason>] - Kicks a player off a server. (Note, a player in single player / the host of the world can’t be kicked!)
/op <targets> - Makes a player operator
/pardon <targets> - Removes player’s profile from the server’s banlist
/pardon-ip <target> - Removes player’s IP address from the server’s banlist
/tick <query|rate <rate>|freeze|unfreeze|step [<time>|stop]|sprint [<time>|stop]> - Controls or checks the tick rate of a world
/transfer <hostname> [<port>] [<players>] - Transfers a player to a different server
/whitelist <on|off|list|reload|remove|add> ... - Modifies the server’s whitelist

Permission level 4

These commands require a permission level same or bigger than 4 to run them.

/jfr start|stop - Starts or stops JFR(Java FlightRecorder & other custom events) profiling
/perf <start|stop> - Captures info and metrics about the game for 10 seconds
/publish [<allowCommands>] [<gamemode>] [<port>] - Opens a singleplayer world to your local network
/save-all [<flush>] - Saves the server to a disk
/save-on - Enables automatic server saves
/save-off - Disables automatic server saves
/setidletimeout <minutes> - Used to set the time before idle players are kicked (If 0 - disabled)
/stop - Stops the server
/version - Sends the server’s version info (the name, protocol version and the resourcepack and datapack formats).

List of commands by Server Type

Multiplayer Only Commands

These commands can only be run only on a server.

/ban <target> [<reason>] - Adds the player’s profile into the server’s banlist
/ban-ip <target> [<reason>] - Adds the player’s IP address into the server’s banlist
/banlist [ips|players] - Displays the server’s banlist
/deop <targets> - Removes a player operator status
/op <targets> - Makes a player operator
/pardon <targets> - Removes player’s profile from the server’s banlist
/pardon-ip <target> - Removes player’s IP address from the server’s banlist
/perf <start|stop> - Captures info and metrics about the game for 10 seconds
/save-all [<flush>] - Saves the server to a disk
/save-on - Enables automatic server saves
/save-off - Disables automatic server saves
/setidletimeout <minutes> - Used to set the time before idle players are kicked (If 0 - disabled)
/stop - Stops the server
/transfer <hostname> [<port>] [<players>] - Transfers a player to a different server
/whitelist <on|off|list|reload|remove|add> ... - Modifies the server’s whitelist

Singleplayer Only Commands

This command can only be run in singleplayer, not on a server.

/publish [<allowCommands>] [<gamemode>] [<port>] - Opens a singleplayer world to your local network

Datapack Wiki