Python Operators
Last Updated : 2 Dec, 2025
In Python programming, Operators in general are used to
perform operations on values and variables.
Operators: Special symbols like -, + , * , /, etc.
Operands: Value on which the operator is applied.
Types of Operators in Python
Operators in Python
Arithmetic Operators
Python Arithmetic operators are used to perform basic
mathematical operations like addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division.
In Python 3.x the result of division is a floating-point while
in Python 2.x division of 2 integers was an integer. To
obtain an integer result in Python 3.x floored (// integer) is
used.
# Variables
a = 15
b = 4
# Addition
print("Addition:", a + b)
# Subtraction
print("Subtraction:", a - b)
# Multiplication
print("Multiplication:", a * b)
# Division
print("Division:", a / b)
# Floor Division
print("Floor Division:", a // b)
# Modulus
print("Modulus:", a % b)
# Exponentiation
print("Exponentiation:", a ** b)
Output
Addition: 19
Subtraction: 11
Multiplication: 60
Division: 3.75
Floor Division: 3
Modulus: 3
Exponentiation: 50625
Note: Refer to Differences between / and // .
Comparison Operators
In Python, Comparison (or Relational) operators compares
values. It either returns True or False according to the
condition.
a = 13
b = 33
print(a > b)
print(a < b)
print(a == b)
print(a != b)
print(a >= b)
print(a <= b)
Output
False
True
False
True
False
True
Logical Operators
Python Logical operators perform Logical AND, Logical
OR and Logical NOT operations. It is used to combine
conditional statements.
The precedence of Logical Operators in Python is as follows:
1. Logical not
2. logical and
3. logical or
a = True
b = False
print(a and b)
print(a or b)
print(not a)
Output
False
True
False
Bitwise Operators
Python Bitwise operators act on bits and perform bit-by-bit
operations. These are used to operate on binary numbers.
Bitwise Operators in Python are as follows:
1. Bitwise NOT
2. Bitwise Shift
3. Bitwise AND
4. Bitwise XOR
5. Bitwise OR
a = 10
b = 4
print(a & b)
print(a | b)
print(~a)
print(a ^ b)
print(a >> 2)
print(a << 2)
Output
14
-11
14
40
Assignment Operators
Python Assignment operators are used to assign values to
the variables. This operator is used to assign the value of
the right side of the expression to the left side operand.
Example
a = 10
b = a
print(b)
b += a
print(b)
b -= a
print(b)
b *= a
print(b)
b <<= a
print(b)
Output
10
20
10
100
102400
Identity Operators
In Python, is and is not are the identity operators both are
used to check if two values are located on the same part of
the memory. Two variables that are equal do not imply that
they are identical.
is True if the operands are identical
is not True if the operands are not identical
a = 10
b = 20
c = a
print(a is not b)
print(a is c)
Output
True
True
Membership Operators
In Python, in and not in are the membership
operators that are used to test whether a value or variable
is in a sequence.
in True if value is found in the sequence
not in True if value is not found in the sequence
x = 24
y = 20
list = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
if (x not in list):
print("x is NOT present in given list")
else:
print("x is present in given list")
if (y in list):
print("y is present in given list")
else:
print("y is NOT present in given list")
Output
x is NOT present in given list
y is present in given list
Ternary Operator
in Python, Ternary operators also known as conditional
expressions are operators that evaluate something based
on a condition being true or false. It was added to Python in
version 2.5.
It simply allows testing a condition in a single
line replacing the multiline if-else, making the code
compact.
Syntax : [on_true] if [expression] else
[on_false]
a, b = 10, 20
min = a if a < b else b
print(min)
Output
10
Precedence and Associativity of
Operators
In Python, Operator precedence and associativity determine
the priorities of the operator.
Operator Precedence
This is used in an expression with more than one operator
with different precedence to determine which operation to
perform first.
expr = 10 + 20 * 30
print(expr)
name = "Alex"
age = 0
if name == "Alex" or name == "John" and age >= 2:
print("Hello! Welcome.")
else:
print("Good Bye!!")
Output
610
Hello! Welcome.
Operator Associativity
If an expression contains two or more operators with the
same precedence then Operator Associativity is used to
determine. It can either be Left to Right or from Right to
Left.
print(100 / 10 * 10)
print(5 - 2 + 3)
print(5 - (2 + 3))
print(2 ** 3 ** 2)
Output
100.0
512
