Java String Methods
### 1. String Creation & Basic Methods
- `length()`: Returns the length of the string.
- `isEmpty()`: Checks if the string is empty.
- `charAt(index)`: Returns the character at the specified index.
- `toLowerCase()`: Converts the string to lowercase.
- `toUpperCase()`: Converts the string to uppercase.
- `trim()`: Removes leading and trailing spaces.
Example:
```java
String str = " Hello ";
[Link]([Link]()); // 7
[Link]([Link]()); // "Hello"
[Link]([Link]()); // " HELLO "
```
### 2. String Comparison
- `equals(str2)`: Checks if two strings are equal (case-sensitive).
- `equalsIgnoreCase(str2)`: Checks equality, ignoring case
differences.
- `compareTo(str2)`: Compares two strings lexicographically.
- `compareToIgnoreCase(str2)`: Compares two strings, ignoring case.
- `contains(substring)`: Checks if a string contains a specified
substring.
- `startsWith(prefix)`: Checks if a string starts with a given prefix.
- `endsWith(suffix)`: Checks if a string ends with a given suffix.
Example:
```java
String s1 = "Java";
String s2 = "java";
[Link]([Link](s2)); // false
[Link]([Link](s2)); // true
[Link]([Link]("Ja")); // true
[Link]([Link]("va")); // true
```
### 3. Substring & Modification
- `substring(beginIndex)`: Returns substring from `beginIndex` to end.
- `substring(beginIndex, endIndex)`: Returns substring within the
range.
- `replace(oldChar, newChar)`: Replaces characters in a string.
- `replaceAll(regex, replacement)`: Replaces all matches of a regex.
Example:
```java
String s = "Java Programming";
[Link]([Link](5)); // "Programming"
[Link]([Link]('a', '@')); // "J@v@ Progr@mming"
```
### 4. Searching in Strings
- `indexOf(char/str)`: Returns the first occurrence index.
- `lastIndexOf(char/str)`: Returns the last occurrence index.
Example:
```java
String s = "Hello World";
[Link]([Link]('o')); // 4
[Link]([Link]('o')); // 7
```
### 5. Splitting & Joining Strings
- `split(regex)`: Splits a string into an array.
- `join(delimiter, elements...)`: Joins multiple strings.
Example:
```java
String s = "apple,banana,grape";
String[] fruits = [Link](",");
[Link]([Link](fruits)); // [apple, banana, grape]
```
### 6. Converting Data to String
- `valueOf(data)`: Converts primitive types to a string.
- `toString()`: Converts an object to a string.
Example:
```java
int num = 100;
String str = [Link](num);
[Link](str); // "100"
```
### 7. StringBuilder & StringBuffer (Mutable Strings)
- `append(str)`: Appends a string.
- `insert(index, str)`: Inserts a string.
- `delete(start, end)`: Deletes characters.
- `reverse()`: Reverses the string.
Example:
```java
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("Hello");
[Link](" World");
[Link](sb); // "Hello World"
[Link]();
[Link](sb); // "dlroW olleH"
```
These are the most commonly used `String` methods in Java.
