Installation of Anaconda (Python Distribution)
Step 1: Download Anaconda
1. Go to the official website: [Link]
2. Click Download for your operating system (Windows, Mac, Linux).
3. Choose the Python 3.x version (latest recommended).
Step 2: Run the Installer
1. Open the downloaded installer file.
2. Click Next → Read and accept the License Agreement → Click Next.
3. Choose Just Me (recommended) → Click Next.
4. Select installation location (default is fine) → Click Next.
5. Check the box “Add Anaconda to my PATH environment variable” (optional, but
recommended).
6. Click Install. Wait for the installation to complete.
Step 3: Verify Installation
1. Open Anaconda Navigator (GUI) or Anaconda Prompt (command line).
2. Type in Anaconda Prompt:
Conda --version
Output example:
conda 23.3.1
3. Open Python by typing:
python
You should see the Python version installed via Anaconda.
Step 4: Update Anaconda (Optional but Recommended)
Conda update Conda
Conda update anaconda
Step 5: Launch Anaconda Navigator
• Open Anaconda Navigator from Start Menu (Windows) or Applications (Mac).
• From here you can launch Jupyter Notebook, Spyder IDE, or VS Code.
[Link], execute and debug programs
a) Use I/O statements.
b) Evaluate expressions and displays formatted output.
c) Evaluate expressions to examine the operator precedence.
a) Use I/O statements.
i=6
f=3.6
c=4+3j
b=True
s="Welcome to python lab"
print("the value of i:”, i,"\nits type :”, type(i))
print("the value of i:”, f,"\nits type :”, type(f))
print("the value of i:",c,"\nits type :", type(c))
print("the value of i:",b,"\nits type :”, type(b))
print("the value of i:",s,"\nits type :",type(s))
OUTPUT:
the value of i: 6
its type is: <class 'int'>
the value of i: 3.6
its type: <class 'float'>
the value of i: (4+3j)
its type: <class 'complex'>
the value of i: True
its type: <class 'bool'>
the value of i: Welcome to python lab
its type: <class 'str'>
b) Evaluate expressions and displays formatted output.
import time
import datetime OUTPUT:
x=[Link] () Fri Oct 24 [Link] 2025
print([Link]("%c"))
c) Evaluate expressions to examine the operator precedence.
a=int(input("Enter the first number:"))
OUTPUT:
b=int(input("Enter the first number:"))
Enter the first number:9
print()
Enter the first number:4
print("Addition (a+b) :",a+b)
Addition (a+b) : 13
print("Subtraction (a-b) :",a-b)
Subtraction (a-b) : 5
print("Multiplication (a*b):",a*b)
Multiplication (a*b): 36
print("Division (a/b) :",a/b)
Division (a/b) : 2.25
print("Division (a//b) :",a//b)
Division (a//b) :2
print("Modulus (a%b) :",a%b)
Modulus (a%b) :1
print("Power(a**b) :",a**b)
Power(a**b) : 6561
3. Identify and Code, execute and debug programs using conditional
statements (type code to build a grading system based on marks).
marks=int(input("Enter the marks:"))
if marks>=85 and marks<=100:
print("congrats! you scored grade A")
elif marks>=60 and marks<=85:
print("you scored grade B+")
elif marks>=40 and marks<=60:
print("you scored grade B")
elif marks>=30 and marks<=40:
print("you scored grade C ")
else:
print("sorry your fail")
OUTPUT:
case1:
Enter the marks:89
congrats! you scored grade A
case2:
Enter the marks:75
you scored grade B+
case3:
Enter the marks:24
sorry your fail
4. Code, execute and debug programs.
A) using loops.
adj=["red","big","tasty"]
fruity=["apple","banana","cheery"]
for x in adj:
for y in fruity:
print(x,y)
OUTPUT:
Red Apple
Red Banana
Red Cheery
Big Apple
Big Banana
Big Cheery
Tasty Apple
Tasty Banana
Tasty Cheery
b) Code, execute and debug programs using loops and conditional
statements.
start=25
end=50
print("Prime numbers between”, start, "and", end, "are:")
for num in range(start,end+1):
if num>1:
for i in range (2,num):
if(num%i==0):
break
else:
print(num)
OUTPUT:
Prime numbers between 25 and 50 are:
29
31
37
41
43
47
5 a). Code, execute and debug programs to perform following
▪ set operations
▪ set comprehension
a) set operations
E= {0,2,4,6,8}
N= {1,2,3,4,5}
print("union of E&N is:”, E|N)
print("Intersection of E&N is:”, E&N)
print("Difference of E&N is:”, E-N)
print(“symmetric difference of E&N is:”, E^N)
output:
union of E&N is: {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8}
Intersection of E&N is: {2, 4}
Difference of E&N is: {0, 8, 6}
symmetric Difference of E&N is: {0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 8}
b) set comprehension
Days1 = {"Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday"}
Days2 = {"Monday", "Tuesday"}
Days3 = {"Monday", "Tuesday", "Friday"}
print("Days1 == Days2:", Days1 == Days2)
print("Days1 == Days3:", Days1 == Days3)
print("Days1 != Days2:", Days1 != Days2)
print("Days1 != Days3:", Days1 != Days3)
OUTPUT:
Days1 == Days2: False
Days1 == Days3: False
Days1 != Days2: True
Days1 != Days3: True
5 b). Code, execute and debug programs to perform following
▪ basic operations on tuples
tuple1 = ('Cat', 'Rat', 'Dog')
tuple2 = ('Cat', 'Rat', 'Dog')
tuple3 = ('Cat', 'Rat', 'dog')
tuple4 = ('Cat', 'Rat', 'DOg')
print("Tuple1 == Tuple2:", tuple1 == tuple2)
print("Tuple2 == Tuple3:", tuple2 == tuple3)
print("Tuple3 == Tuple4:", tuple3 == tuple4)
print("Tuple4 == Tuple1:", tuple4 == tuple1)
output:
Tuple1 == Tuple2: True
Tuple2 == Tuple3: False
Tuple3 == Tuple4: False
Tuple4 == Tuple1: False
▪ tuple indexing and slicing
tuplex = tuple("computer science")
print("Tuple:", tuplex)
index_p = [Link]("p")
print("Index value of 'p' =", index_p)
index_e = [Link]("e")
print("Index value of 'e' =", index_e)
print("First 5 elements:", tuplex[:5])
print("Last 5 elements:", tuplex[-5:])
OUTPUT:
Tuple: ('c', 'o', 'm', 'p', 'u', 't', 'e', 'r', ' ', 's', 'c', 'i', 'e', 'n', 'c', 'e')
Index value of 'p' = 3
Index value of 'e' = 6
First 5 elements: ('c', 'o', 'm', 'p', 'u')
Last 5 elements: ('i', 'e', 'n', 'c', 'e')
6. Write code snippet to perform following on List
a). basic operations on List
list_one = [10, 20, 30, 40]
list_two = [30, 40, 50]
print("List one <List two:", list_one < list_two)
print("List one > List two:", list_one >= list_two)
print("List one < =List two:", list_one <=list_two)
print("List one >=List two:", list_one <=list_two)
print("List one = =List two:", list_one ==list_two)
output:
List one <List two: True
List one > List two: False
List one < =List two: True
List one >=List two: True
List one ==List two: False
b) indexing
#Define a list
lst = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70]
print("Original list =", list)
# Access elements using index
print("Element at 0th position =", lst[0])
print("Element at 1st position =", lst[1])
print("Element at 2nd position =", lst[2])
print("Element at 3rd position =", lst[3])
# Access elements using negative index
print("Element at -1th position =", lst[-1])
print("Element at -2th position =", lst[-2])
output:
Original list = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70]
Element at 0th position = 10
Element at 1st position = 20
Element at 2nd position = 30
Element at 3rd position = 40
Element at -1th position = 70
Element at -2th position = 60
c). slicing
list1 = ['H', 'E', 'L','L','O', 'P', 'Y', 'T', 'H', 'O', 'N']
print("Original List:", list1)
sliced_list = list1[3:8]
print("Sliced elements in range 3-8:",sliced_list)
sliced_list1 = list1[5:]
print("Elements sliced from 5th element till the end:",sliced_list1)
sliced_list2 = list1[5:7]
print("Elements sliced from 5 to 7:", sliced_list2)
sliced_list3 = list1[:]
print("All elements using slice operation:",sliced_list3)
OUTPUT:
Original List: ['H', 'E', 'L', 'L', 'O', 'P', 'Y', 'T', 'H', 'O', 'N']
Sliced elements in range 3-8: ['L', 'O', 'P', 'Y', 'T']
Elements sliced from 5th element till the end: ['P', 'Y', 'T', 'H', 'O', 'N']
Elements sliced from 5 to 7: ['P', 'Y']
All elements using slice operation: ['H', 'E', 'L', 'L', 'O', 'P', 'Y', 'T', 'H',
'O', 'N']
comprehension
# Program: Using list comprehensions in different ways
# Generate a list of squares from 1 to 10
squares = [x**2 for x in range(1, 11)]
print("Squares:", squares)
# Get all even numbers between 1 and 20
evens = [x for x in range(1, 21) if x % 2 == 0]
print("Even numbers:", evens)
# Convert a list of words to uppercase
words = ["python", "is", "awesome"]
upper_words = [[Link]() for word in words]
print("Uppercase words:", upper_words)
# Create a list of tuples (number, square)
num_square_pairs = [(x, x**2) for x in range(1, 6)]
print("Number-Square pairs:", num_square_pairs)
# Flatten a list of lists
matrix = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
flattened = [num for row in matrix for num in row]
print("Flattened list:", flattened)
# Replace negative numbers with 0 in a list
numbers = [-3, -1, 0, 2, 5, -7]
non_negative = [x if x >= 0 else 0 for x in numbers]
print("No negatives:", non_negative)
Output:
Squares: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]
Even numbers: [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20]
Uppercase words: ['PYTHON', 'IS', 'AWESOME']
Number-Square pairs: [(1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 9), (4, 16), (5, 25)]
Flattened list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
No negatives: [0, 0, 0, 2, 5, 0]
7. Code, execute and debug programs
a) perform basic operations on Dictionary
college = {
"name": "BGS",
"code": "541",
"id": "91BGS"
}
print("Original Dictionary:", college)
college["location"] = "Bellur"
print("\nAfter adding location:", college)
college["location"] = "Byraveshwara Nagar"
print("\nAfter updating location:", college)
[Link]("code")
print("\nAfter removing 'code':", college)
print("\nLength of dictionary:", len(college))
output:
Original Dictionary: {'name': 'BGS', 'code': '541', 'id': '91BGS'}
After adding location: {'name': 'BGS', 'code': '541', 'id': '91BGS', 'location':
'Bellur'}
After updating location: {'name': 'BGS', 'code': '541', 'id': '91BGS', 'location':
'Byraveshwara Nagar'}
After removing 'code': {'name': 'BGS', 'id': '91BGS', 'location': 'Byraveshwara
Nagar'}
Length of dictionary: 3
c). Code, execute and debug programs to perform Dictionary indexing
Iterating comprehension.
number = range(10)
new_dict={}
for n in number:
if n%2 == 0:
new_dict[n]=n**2
print(new_dict)
a_dict ={"a":1,"b":2,"c":3}
key_list=list(a_dict)
print(key_list[2])
print(a_dict["a"])
output:
{0: 0}
c
1
{0: 0, 2: 4}
c
1
{0: 0, 2: 4, 4: 16}
c
1
{0: 0, 2: 4, 4: 16, 6: 36}
c
1
{0: 0, 2: 4, 4: 16, 6: 36, 8: 64}
c
1
8. Code, execute and debug programs to
a). perform string manipulation.
pi = 3.14
s = "Venkata"
v = "Subramanyam"
print("The value of pi is:", pi)
print("The value of v is:", v)
st = s + v
print("After concatenating s and v, the string is:", st)
text = "The value of pi is " + str(pi)
print(text)
length = len(s)
print("Length of s:", length)
print("Number of spaces in v:", [Link](' '))
print("Reversed string s:", ''.join(reversed(s)))
print("Uppercase of v:", [Link]())
print("Last 3 characters of v:", v[-3:])
output:
The value of pi is: 3.14
The value of v is: Subramanyam
After concatenating s and v, the string is: VenkataSubramanyam
The value of pi is 3.14
Length of s: 7
Number of spaces in v: 0
Reversed string s: atakneV
Uppercase of v: SUBRAMANYAM
Last 3 characters of v: yam
b). Program to perform basic array manipulation
from array import *
num = array('i', [1, 3, 5, 7, 9])
print("Original array:", num)
[Link](15)
print("After appending 15 at the end of array:", num)
print("Array elements are:")
for i in num:
print(i)
output:
Original array: array ('i', [1, 3, 5, 7, 9])
After appending 15 at the end of array: array ('i', [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 15])
Array elements are:
1
3
5
7
9
15
9. Code, execute and debug programs to solve the given problem
a) by defining a function.
def simple_interest(p,t,r):
return (p*t*r)/100
p=float(input("Enter the principal interest= "))
t=float(input("Enter the time in year = "))
r=float(input("Enter the rate of interest = "))
print("simple interest:",simple_interest(p,t,r))
OUTPUT:
Enter the principal interest= 50000
Enter the time in year = 3
Enter the rate of interest = 4
simple interest: 6000.0
OR
def sum(a,b):
return a+b
a=int(input("Enter the value of a:"))
b=int(input("Enter the value of b:"))
print("sum=",sum(a,b))
OUTPUT:
Enter the value of a:23
Enter the value of b:4
sum= 27
b). using built in functions:
numbers = [5, 10, 15, 20]
print("Numbers:", numbers)
print("Length:", len(numbers))
print("Maximum:", max(numbers))
print("Minimum:", min(numbers))
print("Sum:", sum(numbers))
print("Sorted List:", sorted(numbers))
OUTPUT:
Numbers: [5, 10, 15, 20]
Length: 4
Maximum: 20
Minimum: 5
Sum: 50
Sorted List: [5, 10, 15, 20]
c). using recursion
import math
def print_till_zero(n):
if n<=0:
return
print(n)
n=n-1
print(n)
n=n-1
print_till_zero(n)
print_till_zero(10)
OUTPUT:
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
d). Define anonymous function and code to solve the given problem.
x=lambda a:a+10
print(x)
print("sum=",x(20))
OUTPUT:
<function <lambda> at 0x000002D2DEF97CA0>
sum= 30
10). Code, execute and debug programs using built in modules
import math
print([Link](25))
print([Link])
print([Link](2))
print([Link](60))
print([Link](2))
print([Link](0.5))
print([Link](0.4))
print([Link](4))
OUTPUT:
5.0
3.141592653589793
114.59155902616465
1.0471975511965976
0.9092974268256817
0.8775825618903728
0.4227932187381618
24
11). Code, execute and debug programs
a).using NumPy module
import numpy as np
x = [Link](12).reshape((2,6))
print("Original array:")
print(x)
r1 = [Link](x)
print("Median of said array:")
print(r1)
OUTPUT:
Original array:
[[ 0 1 2 3 4 5]
[ 6 7 8 9 10 11]]
median of said array:
5.5
b). Code, execute and debug programs using series.
import pandas as pd
s = [Link]([10, 20, 30, 40])
print("Series:", s)
print("Sum =", [Link]())
OUTPUT:
Series:
0 10
1 20
2 30
3 40
dtype: int64
Sum = 100
c). Code, execute and debug programs using data frames.
data = {
'Name': ['Megha', 'Ravi', 'Sneha'],
'Age': [20, 21, 22],
'Marks': [85, 90, 78]
}
df = [Link](data)
print("Student DataFrame:")
print(df)
print("\nNames:", df['Name'])
print("\nAverage Marks:", df['Marks'].mean())
df['Result'] = ['Pass' if m >= 80 else 'Fail' for m in df['Marks']]
print("\nUpdated DataFrame:")
print(df)
OUTPUT:
Student Data Frame:
Name Age Marks
0 Megha 20 85
1 Ravi 21 90
2 Sneha 22 78
Names: 0 Megha
1 Ravi
2 Sneha
Name: Name, dtype: object
Average Marks: 84.33333333333333
Updated Data Frame:
Name Age Marks Result
0 Megha 20 85 Pass
1 Ravi 21 90 Pass
2 Sneha 22 78 Fail
12.) write code snippet to perform following operations on different types of
files
a). write to file.
fileptr=open("[Link]","w")
[Link]("hello world!....")
[Link]()
fileptr=open("[Link]","r")
print([Link]())
output:
hello world!...
b).read file
fileptr=open("[Link]","r")
content=[Link]()
print(type(content))
print(content)
[Link]()
OUTPUT:
<class 'str'>
hello world!......
CONTENT BEYOND SYLLABUS:
a). Exception Handling:
try:
a=int(input("Enter a:"))
b=int(input("Enter b:"))
c=a/b
print("a/b=%d"%c)
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("can't divide by zero")
else:
print("Hi I am else block")
OUTPUT:
Case1:
Enter a:5
Enter b:0
can't divide by zero
Case2:
Enter a:6
Enter b:2
a/b=3
Hi I am else block
b). Exception Handling (using finally block):
try:
num=int(input("Enter the number:"))
result=10/num
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("can't divide by zero")
except ValueError:
print("Invalid input")
else:
print("Result:”, result)
finally:
print("program execution completed")
OUTPUT:
Case 1:
Enter the number:0
can't divide by zero
program execution completed
case2:
Enter the number: g
Invalid input
program execution completed
case 3:
Enter the number:2
Result: 5.0
program execution completed
