how do you believe he is perfectly just?

we say that "worship" is for an object that is ***seen to have some type of authority to bring about benefit or ward off harm***.

this __object which is worshipped__ is called an "***ilaha***" in Arabic.

in english, it can be called "object of worship", or "deity" or "god", maybe even "idol".

 

as Muslims, we start our faith with "la ilaha illa'Allah" —

"la" meaning "no, nothing" ["there is nothing"]

"la ilaha" meaning "there is nothing worthy of worship"

"illa" meaning "except" ["there is nothing worthy of worship except"]

"Allah" meaning "the One Who everything is in need of, but Who is free of need — Who alone has all of the attributes of perfection, and is without partners or likeness — Who alone is deserving of all worship"

 

so the foundation of our theology beings: "la ilaha illa'Allah" — "there is nothing worthy of worship except the One alone Who is deserving of all worship — the Only Deity, besides Whom there is no other."

 

the same way that we know this is the same basic way that we know even the simplest truths about life and religious facts.

 

the basis of belief in Allah is upon 4:

> the natural inclination [fitrah],

> the intellect [aql],

> the legislation [shari’ah], and

> the senses [hawass].

 

it is a decision that can be made informed & critically, from evidence and rational reasoning — but also may be **non-inferential, without propositions — even involuntarily so.**

 

as to how we know anything— we know through 3 sources:

> sound sense perception,

> reliable reporting, and

> logic & reasoning.

 

the only thing that is unknown through the former two (sound sense perception & reliable reporting), that can be apprehended through the latter (logic & reasoning) is the existence of the Necessary Being (the Creator) through that innate, necessary knowledge of our logical principles which He instilled in us, by the rational projection of our mind's inner workings.

 

i.e. there are things that are unseen, and we innately incline —through our original disposition— **to knowing the only thing we can innately know among the unseen: the Creator.**

 

the more certainty that we have in the Creator Most High, the more certainty we will have in His having all of the attributes of perfection, and none of the attributes of imperfection: the more certainty in His Perfect Justice.

of course, therefore, He is perfectly Just. i do not understand what exactly you mean "perfectly loving judge" unless you mean that He is the Most High Judge, and His Loving is Perfect, but we do not say He may only Judge with/by His Love alone. His Wrath is distinct from His Mercy, and we seek refuge in Him from His Wrath and hope in His Mercy, and enduring through our loving relationship He has called us to and responds to.

 

when we see this life, we know it is full of injustice and people die in that state.

our living appears to result in our dying with some injustices experienced, and with our living is the accountability for those injustices.

 

therefore, since this Perfection necessitates Justice—**__and in our living is accountability to Him__**: this means we must and will live again with a period of **full** accountability attaining **full justices**, where He judges each of us according to our own deeds as He Wills.

 

**so—it must be that we live again to be accountable to His Justice.**

 

that is known the Last Day, the Day of Judgment, the Day of Resurrection, the Day of Recompense, etc—wherein all souls that have lived and died will be resurrected and held to account in His Perfect Justice.

 

the more certainty that we have in that Day — the more we will want to meet Him, being pleasing to Him, not angering Him or deserving His Wrath or having gone astray.

that is something we need constant help with, and so we are regularly in need of connecting to Him and returning to Him for that success and guidance from Him.

 

the more people are in need of knowing something, the Most High facilitates for them the evidence for its knowledge, such as the proofs for knowing Who He is, the proofs of His Messengers' prophethood (peace be upon them all), the proofs of His Power and Knowledge, etc.

such proofs are numerous and conclusive.

 

Revelation points out the main rational arguments in these issues and others.

 

the tools of logic-based reasoning in the Qur’an and the prophetic tradition are distinctly simple and clear— it is an operative text and tradition, interacting with the reader and exhorting them to reason and reflect upon it, themselves, the creation, and the attributes of the Creator.

these are easy to digest and are in absolute alignment with the innate disposition of humankind.

these tools are the most beneficial of rational proofs and are congruent with most souls.

 

there is no doubt in His Perfection, and supposition against it has vanished by the appearance of the Truth.