Asibul Hasan

📘 Networking Protocols – Full Details 🔹 1. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) – Port 21 Used to transfer files between client and server. Works on TCP. Not secure (data, including passwords, sent in plain text). Secure version: FTPS / SFTP. 🔹 2. SSH (Secure Shell) – Port 22 Used for secure remote login and command execution on servers. Encrypts communication (unlike Telnet). Commonly used by network engineers and system admins. 🔹 3. Telnet – Port 23 Old remote login protocol. Insecure (no encryption, passwords visible in plain text). Mostly replaced by SSH. 🔹 4. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) – Port 25 Used for sending emails from client to server or between servers. Secure submission uses Port 465 or 587 with TLS/SSL. 🔹 5. DNS (Domain Name System) – Port 53 Converts domain names (e.g., google.com) into IP addresses. Works on both TCP and UDP (UDP for queries, TCP for large transfers). 🔹 6. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) – Port 80 Protocol for accessing web pages. Insecure because data is not encrypted. 🔹 7. POP3 (Post Office Protocol v3) – Port 110 Used to retrieve emails from a mail server. Downloads emails and usually deletes them from the server. 🔹 8. IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) – Port 143 More advanced than POP3. Allows accessing emails directly from the server without deleting them. Secure version: IMAPS (Port 993). 🔹 9. HTTPS (HTTP Secure) – Port 443 Secure version of HTTP using TLS/SSL encryption. Ensures confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. Standard protocol for modern websites. 🔹 10. RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) – Port 3389 Used to remotely control Windows systems with a graphical interface. Developed by Microsoft. 🔹 11. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) Provides reliable, connection-oriented communication. Ensures delivery, error checking, and sequencing. Examples: HTTP, FTP, SMTP, SSH use TCP. 🔹 12. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) Faster, connectionless communication. No delivery guarantee, but low overhead. Examples: DNS, VoIP, video streaming, online gaming. 🔹 13. ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) Maps IP addresses to MAC addresses in a LAN. Example: Before sending data, host uses ARP to find receiver’s MAC. 🔹 14. RARP (Reverse ARP) Obsolete protocol. Used to map a MAC address to an IP address. Replaced by DHCP. 🔹 15. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) – Ports 67 & 68 Automatically assigns IP addresses, gateway, and DNS to clients. Server → Port 67, Client → Port 68. 🔹 16. MTP (Media Transfer Protocol) Used to transfer audio, video, and media files between devices. Common in Android phones, cameras, etc. 🔹 17. PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) Used to establish direct connection between two devices. Common in DSL, VPNs, and dial-up connections

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Quick Fixes for Common PC Problems 1. Slow Internet Speed Test your speed online. Reset network settings via Command Prompt (run as admin): cmd netsh winsock reset netsh int ip reset Change your DNS to Google's (8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4). Limit bandwidth-heavy apps like torrents. 2. External Drive Not Detected If your external drive isn't showing up: Try a different USB port/cable. Assign a drive letter in Disk Management. Check Device Manager for driver updates. Format the drive (backup data first!). 3. Keyboard/Mouse Not Responding When your input devices act up: Reconnect or replace batteries (wireless). Test on another PC to rule out hardware failure. Update drivers in Device Manager. For laptops, disable Fast Startup in Power Options. 4. Forgotten BIOS Password Locked out of your BIOS? For desktops, remove the CMOS battery for 5+ minutes. Look for manufacturer backdoor passwords (if available). For laptops, contact OEM support. 5. Corrupted USB/SD Card To fix a corrupted drive: Run chkdsk /f X: (replace X with your drive letter) in Command Prompt. Format using DiskPart (this will erase data). Open Command Prompt (as admin) and run: cmd diskpart list disk select disk [number of your drive] clean create partition primary format fs=fat32 quick 6. Battery Drains Fast (Laptops) Improve your laptop's battery life: Check battery health with powercfg /batteryreport in cmd. Lower screen brightness and disable Bluetooth. Enable Battery Saver mode in Windows. 7. File Permission Errors Struggling with file access? Take ownership of the file/folder via Properties > Security > Advanced. Grant full control to your user account. Run the app as administrator. Hope these quick tips help you resolve common PC frustrations!

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🔐 SOC Analyst Roadmap – Key Topics- 📌 1. Introduction – SOC role, layers of security 📌 2. Networking Basics – OSI, TCP/IP, ports, firewalls 📌 3. Cyber Threats – malware, phishing, DDoS, insider threats 📌 4. SOC Tools – SIEM, EDR, IDS/IPS, SOAR, Threat Intel 📌 5. Log Analysis – Windows/Linux logs, syslog, SIEM correlation 📌 6. Incident Detection – IOCs, IOAs, false positives, use cases 📌 7. Incident Response – phases, playbooks, case studies 📌 8. Threat Intelligence – MITRE ATT&CK, kill chain, OSINT 📌 9. Vulnerability Mgmt. – scanning, CVE, patching 📌 10. Malware Analysis (Basic) – static/dynamic, sandboxing 📌 11. Security Policies & Compliance – ISO 27001, GDPR, HIPAA 📌 12. Forensics (Intro) – evidence collection, memory/disk analysis 📌 13. Advanced SOC – threat hunting, UEBA, Zero Trust 📌 14. Soft Skills – reporting, communication, teamwork 📌 15. Career Path – SOC tiers, certs, labs, practice #CyberSecurity hashtag #SOCAnalyst hashtag #BlueTeam hashtag #ThreatDetection hashtag #IncidentResponse hashtag #SecurityOperations hashtag #InfoSec hashtag #SIEM hashtag #ThreatIntelligence hashtag #VulnerabilityManagement hashtag #MalwareAnalysis hashtag #Forensics hashtag #NetworkSecurity hashtag #SOC hashtag #CyberDefense hashtag #BlueTeamOps hashtag #InfosecCommunity hashtag #CyberAwareness hashtag #ITSecurity hashtag #SOCTraining

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Investigation Scenario 🔎 Using network traffic, you've observed an HTTP request to a Github Gist page that contains a comma-separated list of 10 IP addresses. What do you look for to investigate whether an incident occurred and its source? #InvestigationPath #DFIR #SOC

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