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0097-interleaving-string/README.md

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+<h2><a href="https://leetcode.com/problems/interleaving-string">97. Interleaving String</a></h2><h3>Medium</h3><hr><p>Given strings <code>s1</code>, <code>s2</code>, and <code>s3</code>, find whether <code>s3</code> is formed by an <strong>interleaving</strong> of <code>s1</code> and <code>s2</code>.</p>
+
+<p>An <strong>interleaving</strong> of two strings <code>s</code> and <code>t</code> is a configuration where <code>s</code> and <code>t</code> are divided into <code>n</code> and <code>m</code> <span data-keyword="substring-nonempty">substrings</span> respectively, such that:</p>
+
+<ul>
+	<li><code>s = s<sub>1</sub> + s<sub>2</sub> + ... + s<sub>n</sub></code></li>
+	<li><code>t = t<sub>1</sub> + t<sub>2</sub> + ... + t<sub>m</sub></code></li>
+	<li><code>|n - m| &lt;= 1</code></li>
+	<li>The <strong>interleaving</strong> is <code>s<sub>1</sub> + t<sub>1</sub> + s<sub>2</sub> + t<sub>2</sub> + s<sub>3</sub> + t<sub>3</sub> + ...</code> or <code>t<sub>1</sub> + s<sub>1</sub> + t<sub>2</sub> + s<sub>2</sub> + t<sub>3</sub> + s<sub>3</sub> + ...</code></li>
+</ul>
+
+<p><strong>Note:</strong> <code>a + b</code> is the concatenation of strings <code>a</code> and <code>b</code>.</p>
+
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+<p><strong class="example">Example 1:</strong></p>
+<img alt="" src="https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2020/09/02/interleave.jpg" style="width: 561px; height: 203px;" />
+<pre>
+<strong>Input:</strong> s1 = &quot;aabcc&quot;, s2 = &quot;dbbca&quot;, s3 = &quot;aadbbcbcac&quot;
+<strong>Output:</strong> true
+<strong>Explanation:</strong> One way to obtain s3 is:
+Split s1 into s1 = &quot;aa&quot; + &quot;bc&quot; + &quot;c&quot;, and s2 into s2 = &quot;dbbc&quot; + &quot;a&quot;.
+Interleaving the two splits, we get &quot;aa&quot; + &quot;dbbc&quot; + &quot;bc&quot; + &quot;a&quot; + &quot;c&quot; = &quot;aadbbcbcac&quot;.
+Since s3 can be obtained by interleaving s1 and s2, we return true.
+</pre>
+
+<p><strong class="example">Example 2:</strong></p>
+
+<pre>
+<strong>Input:</strong> s1 = &quot;aabcc&quot;, s2 = &quot;dbbca&quot;, s3 = &quot;aadbbbaccc&quot;
+<strong>Output:</strong> false
+<strong>Explanation:</strong> Notice how it is impossible to interleave s2 with any other string to obtain s3.
+</pre>
+
+<p><strong class="example">Example 3:</strong></p>
+
+<pre>
+<strong>Input:</strong> s1 = &quot;&quot;, s2 = &quot;&quot;, s3 = &quot;&quot;
+<strong>Output:</strong> true
+</pre>
+
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+<p><strong>Constraints:</strong></p>
+
+<ul>
+	<li><code>0 &lt;= s1.length, s2.length &lt;= 100</code></li>
+	<li><code>0 &lt;= s3.length &lt;= 200</code></li>
+	<li><code>s1</code>, <code>s2</code>, and <code>s3</code> consist of lowercase English letters.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+<p><strong>Follow up:</strong> Could you solve it using only <code>O(s2.length)</code> additional memory space?</p>