Add solution for 1033 (#61)

Author: havanagrawal

README.md

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ Your ideas/fixes/algorithms are more than welcome!
 
 |  #  |      Title     |   Solutions   | Time          | Space         | Video  | Difficulty  | Tag                   
 |-----|----------------|---------------|---------------|---------------|--------|-------------|-------------
+|1033|[Moving Stones Until Consecutive](https://leetcode.com/problems/moving-stones-until-consecutive/)|[Solution](../master/src/main/java/com/fishercoder/solutions/_1033.java) | O(1) | O(1) | |Easy|Math|
 |1030|[Matrix Cells in Distance Order](https://leetcode.com/problems/matrix-cells-in-distance-order/)|[Solution](../master/src/main/java/com/fishercoder/solutions/_1030.java) | O(R*C) | O(1) | |Easy|
 |1022|[Sum of Root To Leaf Binary Numbers](https://leetcode.com/problems/sum-of-root-to-leaf-binary-numbers/)|[Solution](../master/src/main/java/com/fishercoder/solutions/_1022.java) | O(n) | O(n) | |Easy|
 |1021|[Remove Outermost Parentheses](https://leetcode.com/problems/remove-outermost-parentheses/)|[Solution](../master/src/main/java/com/fishercoder/solutions/_1021.java) | O(n) | O(n) | |Easy|

src/main/java/com/fishercoder/solutions/_1033.java

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package com.fishercoder.solutions;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * 1033. Moving Stones Until Consecutive
+ *
+ * Three stones are on a number line at positions a, b, and c.
+ *
+ * Each turn, you pick up a stone at an endpoint (ie., either the lowest or highest position stone),
+ * and move it to an unoccupied position between those endpoints.
+ * Formally, let's say the stones are currently at positions x, y, z with x < y < z.
+ * You pick up the stone at either position x or position z, and move that stone to an integer position k, with x < k < z and k != y.
+ *
+ * The game ends when you cannot make any more moves, ie. the stones are in consecutive positions.
+ *
+ * When the game ends, what is the minimum and maximum number of moves that you could have made?
+ * Return the answer as an length 2 array: answer = [minimum_moves, maximum_moves]
+ *
+ * Note:
+ *  * 1 <= a <= 100
+ *  *  1 <= b <= 100
+ *  *  1 <= c <= 100
+ *  *  a != b, b != c, c != a
+ */
+
+public class _1033 {
+    public static class Solution1 {
+        private int minMoves(int x, int y, int z) {
+            // already consecutive integers, nothing to be done
+            if (x + 1 == y && y + 1 == z) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            // one of the following (sample) cases:
+            // 1, 2, 8 (8 -> 3)
+            // 1, 7, 8 (1 -> 6)
+            // 1, 3, 8 (8 -> 2)
+            // 1, 6, 8 (1 -> 7)
+            if (y - x <= 2 || z - y <= 2) {
+                return 1;
+            }
+
+            // move z to y + 1, x to y - 1
+            return 2;
+        }
+
+        private int maxMoves(int x, int y, int z) {
+            return z - x - 2;
+        }
+
+        public int[] numMovesStones(int a, int b, int c) {
+            int[] t = {a, b, c};
+            Arrays.sort(t);
+
+            int min = minMoves(t[0], t[1], t[2]);
+            int max = maxMoves(t[0], t[1], t[2]);
+
+            return new int[]{min, max};
+        }
+    }
+}

src/test/java/com/fishercoder/_1033Test.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package com.fishercoder;
+
+import com.fishercoder.solutions._1033;
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
+
+public class _1033Test {
+    private static _1033.Solution1 solution1;
+
+    @BeforeClass
+    public static void setup() {
+        solution1 = new _1033.Solution1();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test1() {
+        int[] expected = {1, 2};
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, solution1.numMovesStones(1, 2, 5));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test2() {
+        int[] expected = {0, 0};
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, solution1.numMovesStones(4, 3, 2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test3() {
+        int[] expected = {1, 2};
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, solution1.numMovesStones(3, 5, 1));
+    }
+}